 The disk around WISPIT 2 with VLT SPHERE. The protoplanet WISPIT 2b is inside the gap of the disk on the lower right while zoomed in, another protoplanet WISPIT 2c is inside of the inner disk Credit: ESO/R. F. van Capelleveen et al. | |
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Aquila |
| Right ascension | 19h 23m 17.03s1 |
| Declination | −07° 40′ 55.1″1 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 11.60±0.122 |
| Characteristics | |
| Evolutionary stage | pre-main-sequence3 |
| Variable type | T Tau3 |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −16.23±14.584 km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 6.308±0.0241 mas/yr Dec.: −27.138±0.0181 mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 7.4649±0.0214 mas1 |
| Distance | 437 ± 1 ly (134.0 ± 0.4 pc) |
| Details4 | |
| Mass | 1.08+0.06 −0.17 M☉ |
| Radius | 1.418±0.004 R☉ |
| Luminosity (bolometric) | 0.699±0.021 L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.00±0.25 cgs |
| Temperature | 4400±50 K |
| Rotation | 4.7004 days |
| Age | 5.1+2.4 −1.3 Myr |
| Other designations | |
| TYC 5709-354-1, IRAS 19205-0746, IRAS F19205-0746, Gaia DR2 4207586980945067648 | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
| Exoplanet Archive | data |
WISPIT 2 (also called TYC 5709-354-1) is a pre-main-sequence star in the constellation Aquila. It is part of the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association, likely belonging to the subgroup Theia 53. The star has a directly imaged circumstellar disk with multiple rings and two directly imaged protoplanets inside the rings' gaps.456 One of the protoplanets, WISPIT 2b, was also detected in H-alpha, showing that it is actively accreting gas from a surrounding circumplanetary disk.5 The star is named after the astronomical survey Wide Separation Planets In Time (WISPIT) in the course of which the protoplanetary system was discovered.
Circumstellar disk
The disk was classified as transitional, meaning it has an inner cavity.5 The disk has 4 rings and one prominent gap at 68 astronomical units (AU). The outermost ring is located at 316 AU and the disk was detected out to a distance of 2.8 arcseconds (380 AU) from the star. The inclination of the disk is around 44° to 46°.4
Planetary system
Observations with VLT/SPHERE,4 Magellan MagAO-X and LBT/LMIRcam revealed one planet located inside gap 3.5 The protoplanet was confirmed to move with the star and shows orbital motion in images from October 2023 to April 2025. The planet has a mass of around 5 MJ and is responsible for clearing a gap inside the disk.4 The protoplanet is also detected in H-alpha, showing that it is accreting material from a circumplanetary disk. This makes WISPIT 2b similar to the PDS 70 planets, 2MJ1612b and possibly LkCa 15b.5
One additional inner candidate planet, CC1, was detected together with WISPIT 2b, but needed further observations to determine whether it is a planet or a dust clump.5 Spectroscopic observations published in 2026 confirmed that CC1 is indeed a planet, now named WISPIT 2c.6
| Companion (in order from star) |
Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) |
Orbital period (years) |
Eccentricity | Inclination (°) |
Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| c | 8–126: 7 MJ | 15 | — | — | — | 1.78–2.206: 7 RJ |
| Ring 3 | 38.44±0.09 AU | 44.95±0.39° | — | |||
| b | 5.3±1.0 MJ | 57.5 | — | — | — | 1.6±0.2 RJ |
| Gap 3 | 69.0±0.6 AU | 44.2±0.8° | — | |||
| Ring 2 | 96.7±0.6 AU | 41.8±0.6° | — | |||
| Ring 1 | 163.6±2.9 AU | 45.4±1.1° | — | |||
| Ring 0 | 316.4±4.5 AU | 43.6±1.5° | — | |||
References
References
- Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- Høg, E.; Fabricius, C.; Makarov, V. V.; Urban, S.; Corbin, T.; Wycoff, G.; Bastian, U.; Schwekendiek, P.; Wicenec, A. (March 2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27–L30. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H. ISSN 0004-6361.
- Close, Laird M.; et al. (2025). "Wide Separation Planets in Time (WISPIT): Discovery of a Gap Hα Protoplanet WISPIT 2b with MagAO-X". The Astrophysical Journal. 990 (1): L9. arXiv:2508.19046. Bibcode:2025ApJ...990L...9C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/adf7a5.
- van Capelleveen, Richelle F.; Ginski, Christian; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Byrne, Jake; Lawlor, Chloe; McLachlan, Dan; Mamajek, Eric E.; Stolker, Tomas; Benisty, Myriam; Bohn, Alexander J.; Close, Laird M.; Dominik, Carsten; Haffert, Sebastiaan; Landman, Rico; Ma, Jie (2025-08-26). "WIde Separation Planets In Time (WISPIT): A Gap-clearing Planet in a Multi-ringed Disk around the Young Solar-type Star WISPIT 2". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 990 (1): L8. arXiv:2508.19053. Bibcode:2025ApJ...990L...8V. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/adf721. ISSN 2041-8205.
- Close, Laird M.; van Capelleveen, Richelle F.; Weible, Gabriel; Wagner, Kevin; Haffert, Sebastiaan Y.; Males, Jared R.; Ilyin, Ilya; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Li, Jialin; Long, Joseph D.; Ertel, Steve; Ginski, Christian; Weinberger, Alycia J.; Follette, Kate; Liberman, Joshua (2025-08-26). "Wide Separation Planets in Time (WISPIT): Discovery of a Gap Hα Protoplanet WISPIT 2b with MagAO-X". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 990 (1): L9. arXiv:2508.19046. Bibcode:2025ApJ...990L...9C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/adf7a5. ISSN 2041-8205.
- Lawlor, Chloe; Capelleveen, Richelle F. van; Bourdarot, Guillaume; Ginski, Christian; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Stolker, Tomas; Close, Laird; Bohn, Alexander J.; Eisenhauer, Frank (2026-03-23). "Direct spectroscopic confirmation of the young embedded proto-planet WISPIT 2c". arXiv:2603.22085 [astro-ph.EP]. (accessed 24 March 2026)