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2008 United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado

The 2008 congressional elections in Colorado were held on November 4, 2008, to determine who will represent the state of Colorado in the United States House of Representatives, coinciding with the presidential and senatorial elections. Representatives are elected for two-year terms; those elected served in the 111th Congress from January 3, 2009, until January 3, 2011.

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2008 United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado

November 4, 2008 (2008-11-04)

All 7 Colorado seats to the United States House of Representatives
  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Democratic Republican
Last election 4 seats, 54.12% 3 seats, 40.53%
Seats before 4 3
Seats won 5 2
Seat change Increase 1 Decrease 1
Popular vote 1,259,768 990,870
Percentage 55.16% 43.38%
Swing Increase 1.04% Increase 2.85%

District results
County results

The 2008 congressional elections in Colorado were held on November 4, 2008, to determine who will represent the state of Colorado in the United States House of Representatives, coinciding with the presidential and senatorial elections. Representatives are elected for two-year terms; those elected served in the 111th Congress from January 3, 2009, until January 3, 2011.

Colorado had seven seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census. Its 2007-2008 congressional delegation consisted of four Democrats and three Republicans. After the elections, it consisted of five Democrats and two Republicans. District 4 changed party (from Republican to Democratic), which was the only district CQ Politics had forecasted to be at some risk for the incumbent party.

The Primary election was held August 12, 2008.1

Overview

Statewide

Party Candidates Votes23 Seats
No. % No. +/– %
Democratic 7 1,259,768 55.16 5 Increase 1 71.43
Republican 7 990,870 43.38 2 Decrease 1 28.57
Libertarian 1 12,136 0.61 0 Steady 0.0
Green 1 10,031 0.50 0 Steady 0.0
Constitution 1 8,894 0.44 0 Steady 0.0
Unity 1 2,176 0.11 0 Steady 0.0
Write-in 2 56 0.00 0 Steady 0.0
Total 20 2,283,931 100.0 7 Steady 100.0
Popular vote
Democratic
55.16%
Republican
43.38%
Libertarian
0.61%
Other
0.85%
House seats
Democratic
71.43%
Republican
28.57%

By district

Results of the 2008 United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado by district:

District Democratic Republican Others Total Result
Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes %
District 1 203,755 71.94% 67,345 23.78% 12,146 4.29% 283,246 100.0% Democratic hold
District 2 215,571 62.60% 116,591 33.86% 12,202 3.54% 344,364 100.0% Democratic hold
District 3 203,455 61.61% 126,762 38.39% 0 0.00% 330,217 100.0% Democratic hold
District 4 187,347 56.20% 146,028 43.80% 0 0.00% 333,375 100.0% Democratic Gain
District 5 113,025 37.04% 183,178 60.03% 8,939 2.93% 305,142 100.0% Republican hold
District 6 162,639 39.33% 250,877 60.67% 0 0.00% 413,516 100.0% Republican hold
District 7 173,931 63.48% 100,055 36.52% 0 0.00% 273,986 100.0% Democratic hold
Total 1,259,768 55.16% 990,870 43.38% 33,287 1.46% 2,283,846 100.0%

District 1

2008 Colorado's 1st congressional district election

 
Nominee Diana DeGette George Lilly
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 203,756 67,346
Percentage 71.9% 23.7%

County results
DeGette:      50–60%      70–80%
Lilly:      60–70%

U.S. Representative before election

Diana DeGette
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

Diana DeGette
Democratic

Incumbent Democrat Diana DeGette, who had represented this Denver based district since 1997, ran for re-election. She was re-elected with 79.8% of the vote in 2006 and the district had a PVI of D+18.4

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Democratic primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Diana DeGette (incumbent) 35,804 100.0
Total votes 35,804 100.0

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee
Eliminated in primary
  • Charles Crain

Results

Republican primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George Lilly 6,300 58.2
Republican Charles Crain 4,533 41.8
Total votes 10,833 100.0

General election

Endorsements

Diana DeGette (D)
George Lilly (R)

Predictions

Source Ranking As of
The Cook Political Report10 Safe D November 6, 2008
Rothenberg11 Safe D November 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal Ball12 Safe D November 6, 2008
Real Clear Politics13 Safe D November 7, 2008
CQ Politics14 Safe D November 6, 2008

Results

Colorado's 1st congressional district election, 20082
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Diana DeGette (incumbent) 203,756 71.9
Republican George Lilly 67,346 23.8
Libertarian Martin Buchanan 12,136 4.3
Write-In Gary Swing 11 0.0
Majority 136,410 48.2
Valid ballots 283,249 92.8
Invalid or blank votes 21,844 7.2
Turnout 305,093 88.7
Registered electors 343,812
Democratic hold

Finances

Campaigns
Candidate (party) Raised Spent Cash on hand
Diana DeGette (D) $808,491 $925,776 $106,102
George Lilly (R) $13,746 $14,060 $9
Martin Buchanan (L) Unreported
Outside Spending
Candidate (party) Supported Opposed
Diana DeGette (D) $2,455 $0
George Lilly (R) $0 $0
Martin Buchanan (L) $0 $0

District 2

2008 Colorado's 2nd congressional district election

 
Nominee Jared Polis Scott Starin
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 215,602 116,619
Percentage 62.6% 33.9%

County results
Polis:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%
Starin:      40–50%

U.S. Representative before election

Mark Udall
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

Jared Polis
Democratic

Incumbent Democrat Mark Udall, who had represented the district, centred around heavily Democratic Boulder, since 1999, ran for the Senate following the retirement of Senator Wayne Allard, leaving this an open seat. He was re-elected with 68.2% of the vote in 2006 and the district had a PVI of D+8.4

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee
Eliminated in primary
Declined

Endorsements

Joan Fitz-Gerald

Organizations

Will Shafroth

Results

Democratic primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Jared Polis 20,493 41.7
Democratic Joan Fitz-Gerald 18,599 37.8
Democratic Will Shafroth 10,075 20.5
Total votes 49,167 100.0

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee
Declined

Results

Republican primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Scott Starin 19,293 100.0
Total votes 19,293 100.0

Green primary

Candidates

Nominee
  • J. A. Calhoun, nominee for this seat in 2006
Declined

Unity primary

Candidates

Nominee

General election

Endorsements

Jared Polis (D)

Labor unions

Newspapers

Predictions

Source Ranking As of
The Cook Political Report10 Safe D November 6, 2008
Rothenberg11 Safe D November 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal Ball12 Safe D November 6, 2008
Real Clear Politics13 Safe D November 7, 2008
CQ Politics14 Safe D November 6, 2008

Results

Colorado's 2nd congressional district election, 20082
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Jared Polis 215,602 62.6
Republican Scott Starin 116,619 33.9
Green J. A. Calhoun 10,031 2.9
Unity Bill Hammons 2,176 0.6
Majority 98,983 28.7
Valid ballots 344,428 93.5
Invalid or blank votes 23,805 6.5
Turnout 368,233 92.5
Registered electors 398,114
Democratic hold

Finances

Campaigns
Candidate (party) Raised Spent Cash on hand
Jared Polis (D) $7,353,034 $7,323,502 $29,533
Scott Starin (R) $88,757 $90,426 $24
J. A. Calhoun (G) Unreported
William Hammons (U) $22,467 $22,247 $164
Outside Spending
Candidate (party) Supported Opposed
Jared Polis (D) $0 $42,573
Scott Starin (R) $4,768 $0
J. A. Calhoun (G) $0 $0
William Hammons (U) $0 $0

District 3

2008 Colorado's 3rd congressional district election

 
Nominee John Salazar Wayne Wolf
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 203,457 126,762
Percentage 61.6% 38.4%

County results
Precinct results
Salazar:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Wolf:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%
Tie:      50–60%      No Votes

U.S. Representative before election

John Salazar
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

John Salazar
Democratic

Incumbent Democrat John Salazar, who had represented the conservative, west Colorado district since 2005, ran for re-election. He was re–elected with 61.6% of the vote in 2006 and the district had a PVI of R+6.4

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Democratic primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John Salazar (incumbent) 22,192 100.0
Total votes 22,192 100.0

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee
Declined

Results

Republican primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Wayne Wolf 24,263 100.0
Total votes 24,263 100.0

General election

Endorsements

John Salazar (D)

Labor unions

Organizations

Newspapers

Predictions

Source Ranking As of
The Cook Political Report10 Safe D November 6, 2008
Rothenberg11 Safe D November 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal Ball12 Safe D November 6, 2008
Real Clear Politics13 Safe D November 7, 2008
CQ Politics14 Safe D November 6, 2008

Results

Colorado's 3rd congressional district election, 20082
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John Salazar (incumbent) 203,457 61.6
Republican Wayne Wolf 126,762 38.4
Majority 76,695 23.2
Valid ballots 330,219 96.4
Invalid or blank votes 12,248 3.6
Turnout 342,467 89.5
Registered electors 382,649
Democratic hold

Finances

Campaigns
Candidate (party) Raised Spent Cash on hand
John Salazar (D) $1,335,166 $901,272 $464,754
Wayne Wolf (R) $21,704 $21,669 $33
Outside Spending
Candidate (party) Supported Opposed
John Salazar (D) $1,051 $0
Wayne Wolf (R) $0 $0

District 4

2008 Colorado's 4th congressional district election

 
Nominee Betsy Markey Marilyn Musgrave
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 187,348 146,030
Percentage 56.2% 43.8%

County results
Precinct results
Markey:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Musgrave:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Tie:      50–60%      No Votes

U.S. Representative before election

Marilyn Musgrave
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Betsy Markey
Democratic

Incumbent Republican Marilyn Musgrave, who had represented this conservative east Colorado-based district since 2003, ran for re-election. She was re-elected with 45.6% of the vote in 2006 and the district had a PVI of R+9.4 Musgrave, a conservative known for her staunch opposition to gay marriage, won in 2006 by winning a plurality (46%) of the vote against Angie Paccione and a strong Reform Party challenge from Eric Eidsness, who managed to garner 11% of the vote. That, along with her 51% showing in 2004 despite George W. Bush winning 58% of the vote in this eastern Colorado district that includes the Fort Collins area, made her seem vulnerable in 2008.

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Republican primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Marilyn Musgrave (incumbent) 31,822 100.0
Total votes 31,822 100.0

Democratic primary

Democrats suffered a setback earlier when State Senator Brandon Shaffer suddenly dropped out, citing his party's failure to clear the field.21 Eidsness switched parties again, having switched from Republican to Reform Party the year prior, and became a Democrat, which could have fuelled a potential rematch with Musgrave in 2008. 2006 nominee Angie Paccione briefly launched a campaign as well, but left the race in September 2007.

Candidates

Nominee
Withdrawn
Declined

Results

Democratic primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Betsy Markey 19,010 100.0
Total votes 19,010 100.0

General election

Campaign

Musgrave launched a negative advertisement, attacking Markey over the business of Syscom Systems, the data-processing equipment company run by Markey and her husband. The Musgrave ad was called "highly misleading" by a Denver television station that investigated the facts.25 On October 24, the National Republican Congressional Committee abandoned Marilyn Musgrave's 2008 re-election campaign, believing the race was lost. This decision was based solely on Musgrave's poor poll numbers.

Endorsements

Marilyn Musgrave (R)

Organizations

Betsy Markey (D)

Polling

Poll source Date(s)
administered
Sample
sizea
Margin of
error
Marilyn
Musgrave (R)
Betsy
Markey (D)
Undecided
SurveyUSA (Roll Call)29 August 22–24, 2008 618 (LV) ±4.0% 43% 50% 7%

Predictions

Source Ranking As of
The Cook Political Report10 Tossup November 6, 2008
Rothenberg11 Lean D (flip) November 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal Ball12 Lean D (flip) November 6, 2008
Real Clear Politics13 Tossup November 7, 2008
CQ Politics14 Lean D (flip) November 6, 2008

Results

After her defeat, Musgrave would not comment on the election results with the media, nor would she concede the race or contact Markey to congratulate her. She also did not thank her campaign staff for their efforts. She later recorded a robocall for Republican Georgia senator Saxby Chambliss, saying that she was defeated by "leftist special interests" who "suppressed the truth with vicious attacks and lies."

Colorado's 4th congressional district election, 20082
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Betsy Markey 187,348 56.2
Republican Marilyn Musgrave (incumbent) 146,030 43.8
Majority 41,318 12.4
Valid ballots 333,378 95.3
Invalid or blank votes 16,565 4.7
Turnout 349,943 91.3
Registered electors 383,292
Democratic gain from Republican

Finances

Campaigns
Candidate (party) Raised Spent Cash on hand
Marilyn Musgrave (R) $2,862,907 $2,869,703 $62,132
Betsy Markey (D) $2,893,744 $2,872,153 $21,591
Outside Spending
Candidate (party) Supported Opposed
Marilyn Musgrave (R) $170,281 $1,505,831
Betsy Markey (D) $580,289 $897,027

District 5

2008 Colorado's 5th congressional district election

 
Nominee Doug Lamborn Hal Bidlack
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 183,179 113,027
Percentage 60.0% 37.0%

County results
Lamborn:      50–60%      60–70%
Bidlack:      50–60%

U.S. Representative before election

Doug Lamborn
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Doug Lamborn
Republican

Incumbent Republican Doug Lamborn, who had represented this conservative district based in Colorado Springs and its suburbs district since 2007, ran for re-election. He was elected with 59.6% of the vote in 2006 and the district had a PVI of R+16.4

Republican primary

Campaign

Lamborn had received bad press when two constituents accused him of making a threatening phone call in response to a critical letter they wrote.30 He won against Jeff Crank and Bentley Rayburn, more moderate Republicans who had also run in 2006, in the Republican primary. In 2006, Lamborn had narrowly won a nasty multi-candidate primary with 27% of the vote, despite previous representative Joel Hefley's endorsement of Crank, citing Lamborn's "sleazy" campaign. Crank and Rayburn thus came to a gentleman's agreement - they would jointly conduct a poll of the primary, and whoever of the two of them was in third place would drop out and endorse the other, so as to have a better chance of defeating Lamborn. Rayburn came third in the poll, but he refused to drop out.31

Candidates

Nominee
Eliminated in primary

Endorsements

Jeff Crank

Results

Republican primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Doug Lamborn (incumbent) 24,995 44.0
Republican Jeff Crank 16,794 29.6
Republican Bentley Rayburn 14,986 26.4
Total votes 56,775 100.0

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee
Declined

Results

Democratic primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Hal Bidlack 13,146 100.0
Total votes 13,146 100.0

General election

Endorsements

Doug Lamborn (R)

Organizations

Hal Bidlack (D)

Newspapers

Predictions

Source Ranking As of
The Cook Political Report10 Safe R November 6, 2008
Rothenberg11 Safe R November 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal Ball12 Safe R November 6, 2008
Real Clear Politics13 Safe R November 7, 2008
CQ Politics14 Safe R November 6, 2008

Results

Amid worries of vulnerability, Lamborn won the general election by a 59%-41% margin, becoming the highest vote getter for a GOP Congressional candidate in the state in the 2008 cycle.

Colorado's 5th congressional district election, 20082
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Doug Lamborn (incumbent) 183,179 60.0
Democratic Hal Bidlack 113,027 37.0
American Constitution Brian Scott 8,894 2.9
Write-In Richard Hand 45 0.0
Majority 70,152 23.0
Valid ballots 305,145 93.7
Invalid or blank votes 20,371 6.3
Turnout 325,516 90.5
Registered electors 359,874
Republican hold

Finances

Campaigns
Candidate (party) Raised Spent Cash on hand
Doug Lamborn (R) $611,755 $593,491 $46,469
Hal Bidlack (D) $241,725 $240,738 $986
Brian Scott (C) Unreported
Outside Spending
Candidate (party) Supported Opposed
Doug Lamborn (R) $13,573 $0
Hal Bidlack (D) $0 $0
Brian Scott (C) $0 $0

District 6

2008 Colorado's 6th congressional district election

 
Nominee Mike Coffman Hank Eng
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 250,877 162,641
Percentage 60.7% 39.3%

County results
Precinct results
Coffman:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Eng:      50–60%      60–70%
Tie:      50–60%     No Votes

U.S. Representative before election

Tom Tancredo
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Mike Coffman
Republican

Incumbent Republican Tom Tancredo, who had represented this solidly conservative district based in the Denver suburbs since 1999, retired in order to run for President. He was re-elected with 58.6% of the vote in 2006 and the district had a PVI of R+10.4

His seat was considered to be the most Republican-dominated district of the Denver-area seats and was also one of the wealthiest in the nation. Tancredo was the second highest vote getter for a Republican congressional candidate statewide in 2006, just behind Doug Lamborn in the 5th district. The district includes Columbine High School, which was devastated in a tragic 1999 school massacre.

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee
Eliminated in primary
Declined

Results

Republican primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mike Coffman 28,509 40.1
Republican Wil Armstrong 23,213 32.7
Republican Ted Harvey 10,886 15.3
Republican Steve Ward 8,452 11.9
Total votes 71,060 100.0

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee
Withdrawn
  • Mike Collins, Vietnam veteran17
Declined

Results

Democratic primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Hank Eng 27,661 100.0
Total votes 27,661 100.0

General election

Campaign

Despite some minor controversies surrounding Mike Coffman and Colorado Ethics Watch, CQ Politics, The Cook Political Report and The Rothenberg Political Report all forecasted the race as 'Safe Republican'.34

Endorsements

Mike Coffman (R)

Newspapers

Predictions

Source Ranking As of
The Cook Political Report10 Safe R November 6, 2008
Rothenberg11 Safe R November 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal Ball12 Safe R November 6, 2008
Real Clear Politics13 Safe R November 7, 2008
CQ Politics14 Safe R November 6, 2008

Results

Colorado's 6th congressional district election, 20082
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mike Coffman 250,877 60.7
Democratic Hank Eng 162,641 39.3
Majority 88,236 21.3
Valid ballots 413,518 94.0
Invalid or blank votes 26,527 6.0
Turnout 440,045 95.7
Registered electors 459,807
Republican hold

Finances

Campaigns
Candidate (party) Raised Spent Cash on hand
Mike Coffman (R) $1,467,713 $1,304,685 $163,029
Hank Eng (D) $273,696 $270,609 $3,084
Outside Spending
Candidate (party) Supported Opposed
Mike Coffman (R) $11,651 $0
Hank Eng (D) $0 $0

District 7

2008 Colorado's 7th congressional district election

 
Nominee Ed Perlmutter John Lerew
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 173,937 100,057
Percentage 63.5% 36.5%

County results
Precinct results
Perlmutter:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Lerew:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Tie:      50–60%     No Votes

U.S. Representative before election

Ed Perlmutter
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

Ed Perlmutter
Democratic

Incumbent Democratic Ed Perlmutter, who had represented this suburban Denver district since 2007, ran for re-election. He was elected with 54.9% of the vote in 2006 and the district had a PVI of D+2.4 The district's voter registration was split, with independents constituting a slim plurality of 35% compared to Democrats (34%) and Republicans (31%).

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Results

Democratic primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ed Perlmutter (incumbent) 29,704 100.0
Total votes 29,704 100.0

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee
  • John Lerew, founder of a financial planning center

Results

Republican primary results
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John Lerew 25,155 100.0
Total votes 25,155 100.0

General election

Endorsements

Ed Perlmutter (D)

Predictions

Source Ranking As of
The Cook Political Report10 Safe D November 6, 2008
Rothenberg11 Safe D November 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal Ball12 Safe D November 6, 2008
Real Clear Politics13 Safe D November 7, 2008
CQ Politics14 Safe D November 6, 2008

Results

Colorado's 7th congressional district election, 20082
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ed Perlmutter (incumbent) 173,937 63.5
Republican John Lerew 100,057 36.5
Majority 73,880 27.0
Valid ballots 273,994 94.2
Invalid or blank votes 16,945 5.8
Turnout 290,939 92.5
Registered electors 314,642
Democratic hold

Finances

Campaigns
Candidate (party) Raised Spent Cash on hand
Ed Perlmutter (D) $1,770,087 $1,228,238 $544,853
John Lerew (R) $34,048 $34,048 $0
Outside Spending
Candidate (party) Supported Opposed
Ed Perlmutter (D) $7,736 $0
John Lerew (R) $10,861 $0
Notes

Notes

  1. Key:
    A – all adults
    RV – registered voters
    LV – likely voters
    V – unclear
References

References

  1. Candidate List for the August 12, 2008 Primary Election Archived July 16, 2008, at the Wayback Machine Colorado Secretary of State
  2. "Official Publication of the Abstract of Votes Cast for the 2008 Primary and 2008 General" (PDF). Secretary of State of Colorado. August 14, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 27, 2010. Retrieved October 8, 2009.
  3. "Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives".
  4. POLIDATA. "Cook Political Report, PVI for the 110th Congress" (PDF). cookpolitical.com. Cook Political Report. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 2, 2008. Retrieved December 17, 2025.
  5. "Colorado AFL-CIO Candidate Endorsements". aflcio.org. AFL-CIO. Archived from the original on November 7, 2008. Retrieved December 19, 2025.
  6. "Global Solutions PAC Endorsed Candidate". globalsolutions.org. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved November 21, 2025.
  7. "2008 Congressional Results". Planned Parenthood Action Fund. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved November 21, 2025.
  8. "Endorsements". The Denver Post. October 23, 2008. Archived from the original on October 29, 2008. Retrieved December 19, 2025.
  9. "Republican Liberty Caucus 2008 Endorsed Candidates". www.rlc.org/. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved November 21, 2025.
  10. "2008 Competitive House Race Chart". House: Race Ratings. The Cook Political Report. November 6, 2006. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  11. "2008 House Ratings". House Ratings. The Rothenberg Political Report. November 2, 2006. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  12. "2008 House". Sabato's Crystal Ball. November 6, 2008. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  13. "Battle for the House of Representatives". realclearpolitics.com. Real Clear Politics. November 7, 2008. Archived from the original on December 17, 2008. Retrieved December 9, 2023.
  14. "Race Ratings Chart: House". cqpolitics.com. Congressional Quarterly Inc. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  15. "Fitz-Gerald to file exploratory committee to run for Congress". Summit Daily News. Denver, CO. Associated Press. April 3, 2007. Retrieved December 18, 2025.
  16. Greg Giroux (April 18, 2007). "Leading State Lawmaker to Bid for Udall's Open Colorado House Seat". New York Times. Congressional Quarterly. Retrieved December 18, 2025.
  17. David Drucker (February 25, 2008). "Colorado Has Seen Heavy Turnover in House Districts". rollcall.com. Roll Call. Retrieved December 18, 2025.
  18. David Drucker (July 21, 2008). "Colorado: Newspaper Prefers Upstart in House Race". rollcall.com. Roll Call. Retrieved December 18, 2025.
  19. "GOP's Wolf makes switch for House run official". The Denver Post. Grand Junction, CO. Associated Press. January 3, 2008. Retrieved December 18, 2025.
  20. "Blue Dog Members and Fundraisers". bluedogdems.com. Blue Dog Political Action Committee. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved November 21, 2025.
  21. [1] The Coloradoan
  22. David Drucker (September 27, 2007). "Paccione Decides Against Rematch With Musgrave". rollcall.com. Roll Call. Retrieved December 18, 2025.
  23. Josh Kurtz (June 4, 2007). "Democrats Search for Consensus in Musgrave District". rollcall.com. Roll Call. Retrieved December 18, 2025.
  24. Josh Kurtz (April 2, 2007). "Chair: Five Democrats Consider Musgrave Race". rollcall.com. Roll Call. Retrieved December 18, 2025.
  25. "Musgrave Attack Ad Hits Markey On Biz Dealings". cbs4denver.com. KCNC-TV. September 19, 2008. Archived from the original on October 30, 2008. Retrieved October 30, 2008.
  26. "2008 Candidates Endorsed By Eagle Forum PAC". eagleforum.org. Eagle Forum PAC. November 3, 2008. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved November 21, 2025.
  27. "Red to Blue 2008". actblue.com. DCCC. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved November 21, 2025.
  28. "Full Candidate Listing". emilyslist.org. EMILY's List. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved December 19, 2025.
  29. SurveyUSA 4th
  30. Colo Springs couple says got threatening call from congressman Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine KJCT 8 News, September 2, 2007
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