VRK2

VRK2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2V62
Identifiers
Aliases	VRK2, vaccinia related kinase 2, VRK serine/threonine kinase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 602169; MGI: 1917172; HomoloGene: 55966; GeneCards: VRK2; OMA:VRK2 - orthologs
EC number	2.7.11.1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (human)
End	58,159,920 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	26,543,999 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	monocyte; ; Achilles tendon; ; gonad; ; corpus callosum; ; right ventricle; ; testicle; ; islet of Langerhans; ; epithelium of colon; ; epithelium of nasopharynx; ; rectum;
	Top expressed in
	fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell; ; mesenteric lymph nodes; ; blood; ; granulocyte; ; spleen; ; spermatocyte; ; thymus; ; morula; ; yolk sac; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	transferase activity; nucleotide binding; protein kinase activity; protein domain specific binding; kinase activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; ATP binding; protein kinase binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; integral component of membrane; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; mitochondrial membranes; membrane; endoplasmic reticulum; mitochondrion; nucleus; protein-containing complex;
Biological process	regulation of MAPK cascade; regulation of interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway; phosphorylation; protein phosphorylation; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; protein autophosphorylation; cellular response to oxidative stress; viral process; regulation of cell shape; peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	7444
	69922
	ENSG00000028116
	ENSMUSG00000064090
	Q86Y07
	Q8BN21
NM_001130480; NM_001130481; NM_001130482; NM_001130483; NM_001288836;
	NM_001288837; NM_001288838; NM_001288839; NM_006296
	NM_001252447; NM_027260
NP_001123952; NP_001123953; NP_001123954; NP_001123955; NP_001275765;
	NP_001275766; NP_001275767; NP_001275768; NP_006287
	NP_001239376; NP_081536
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Serine/threonine-protein kinase VRK2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the VRK2 gene.⁵

This gene encodes a member of the vaccinia-related kinase (VRK) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. This gene is widely expressed in human tissues and has increased expression in actively dividing cells, such as those in testis, leukocytes, fetal liver, and carcinomas. Its protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and has been shown to phosphorylate casein and undergo autophosphorylation.

While several transcript variants may exist for this gene, the full-length nature of only one has been biologically validated to date.⁵

References

GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000028116 – Ensembl, May 2017
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000064090 – Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Entrez Gene: VRK2 vaccinia related kinase 2".

Further reading

Blanco S, Santos C, Lazo PA (2008). "Vaccinia-related kinase 2 modulates the stress response to hypoxia mediated by TAK1". Mol. Cell. Biol. 27 (20): 7273–83. doi:10.1128/MCB.00025-07. PMC 2168905. PMID 17709393.
Li LY, Liu MY, Shih HM, et al. (2006). "Human cellular protein VRK2 interacts specifically with Epstein-Barr virus BHRF1, a homologue of Bcl-2, and enhances cell survival". J. Gen. Virol. 87 (Pt 10): 2869–78. doi:10.1099/vir.0.81953-0. PMID 16963744.
Blanco S, Klimcakova L, Vega FM, Lazo PA (2006). "The subcellular localization of vaccinia-related kinase-2 (VRK2) isoforms determines their different effect on p53 stability in tumour cell lines". FEBS J. 273 (11): 2487–504. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05256.x. hdl:10261/7155. PMID 16704422. S2CID 6110354.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Nichols RJ, Traktman P (2004). "Characterization of three paralogous members of the Mammalian vaccinia related kinase family". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (9): 7934–46. doi:10.1074/jbc.M310813200. PMID 14645249.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
Nezu J, Oku A, Jones MH, Shimane M (1998). "Identification of two novel human putative serine/threonine kinases, VRK1 and VRK2, with structural similarity to vaccinia virus B1R kinase". Genomics. 45 (2): 327–31. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4938. PMID 9344656.
Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000028116 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000064090 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: VRK2 vaccinia related kinase 2".

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