Article · Wikipedia archive · Last revised Jun 26, 2026

Titanic acid

Titanic acid is a general name for a family of chemical compounds of the elements titanium, hydrogen, and oxygen, with the general formula [TiOx(OH)4−2x]n. Various simple titanic acids have been claimed, mainly in the older literature. No crystallographic and little spectroscopic support exists for these materials. Some older literature refers to titanium dioxide (TiO2) as titanic acid, and the dioxide forms an unstable hydrate when TiCl4 hydrolyzes.Metatitanic acid (H2TiO3), Orthotitanic acid (H4TiO4) or Ti(OH)4. It is described as a white salt-like powder under "TiO2·2.16H2O". Peroxotitanic acid (Ti(OH)3O2H) has also been described as resulting from the treatment of titanium dioxide in sulfuric acid with hydrogen peroxide. The resulting yellow solid decomposes with loss of O2. Pertitanic acid (H2TiO4) Pertitanic acid ([TiO(H2O2)]2+)

Last revised
Jun 26, 2026
Read time
≈ 2 min
Length
429 w
Citations
9
Source
Wikipedia ↗
Orthotitanic acid
source ↗
Names
IUPAC name
Orthotitanic acid
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.039.752
EC Number
  • 243-744-3
MeSH titanium+hydroxide
UNII
  • InChI=1S/4H2O.Ti/h4*1H2;/q;;;;+4/p-4 checkY
    Key: LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J checkY
  • O[Ti](O)(O)O
Properties
Ti(OH)4
Molar mass 115.90 g/mol
Appearance White crystals
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Titanic acid is a general name for a family of chemical compounds of the elements titanium, hydrogen, and oxygen, with the general formula [TiOx(OH)4−2x]n. Various simple titanic acids have been claimed, mainly in the older literature.1 No crystallographic and little spectroscopic support exists for these materials. Some older literature refers to titanium dioxide (TiO2) as titanic acid,2 and the dioxide forms an unstable hydrate when TiCl4 hydrolyzes.3

  • Metatitanic acid (H2TiO3),4
  • Orthotitanic acid (H4TiO4)5 or Ti(OH)4. It is described as a white salt-like powder under "TiO2·2.16H2O".6
  • Peroxotitanic acid (Ti(OH)3O2H) has also been described as resulting from the treatment of titanium dioxide in sulfuric acid with hydrogen peroxide. The resulting yellow solid decomposes with loss of O2.7
  • Pertitanic acid (H2TiO4)8
  • Pertitanic acid ([TiO(H2O2)]2+)9
References

References

  1. Frederick Pearson Treadwell (1916). Qualitative analysis. J.Wiley & sons, Incorporated. p. 538. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  2. C. Remigius Fresenius (1887). Qualitative Chemical Analysis. J. & A. Churchill. pp. 115–116.
  3. Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 421.
  4. F.P. Dunnington (1891). "On metatitanic acid and the estimation of titanium by hydrogen peroxide". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 13 (7): 210–211. doi:10.1021/ja02124a032.
  5. Leonard Dobbin, Hugh Marshall (1904). Salts and their reactions: A class-book of practical chemistry. University of Edinburgh.
  6. Ehrlich, P. (1963). "Titanium(IV) Oxide Hydrate TiO2·nH2O". In Brauer, G. (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press. p. 1218.
  7. Ehrlich, P. (1963). "Peroxotitanic Acid H4TiO5". In Brauer, G. (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press. p. 1219.
  8. Liu, Caiyun; Gao, Chang; Said, Amir; Niu, Huihui; Wang, Dexin; Tung, Chen-Ho; Wang, Yifeng (2021-10-04). "Assembly of Interlocked Superstructures with a Titanium Oxide Molecular Ring in Water". Inorganic Chemistry. 60 (19): 14520–14524. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01874. ISSN 0020-1669.
  9. Fukamauchi, Hisao (1967). "Analysis using fluotitanic acid-hydrogen peroxide reagent: A review". Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 229 (6): 413–433. doi:10.1007/BF00505508. S2CID 92389986.
Further reading

Further reading