Sequoiadendron

Sequoiadendron; Temporal range:
	Trees in Sequoia National Park
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Embryophytes
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Spermatophytes
Clade:	Gymnospermae
Division:	Pinophyta
Class:	Pinopsida
Order:	Cupressales
Family:	Cupressaceae
Subfamily:	Sequoioideae
Genus:	Sequoiadendron; J.Buchholz
Type species
	Sequoiadendron giganteum; (Lindley) J.Buchholz
Species
	S. giganteum (Lindl.) J.Buchholz; †S. chaneyi; †S. tchucoticum;
Synonyms
	Sequoiadendron synonymy Americus ; Hanford, rejected name ; Steinhauera C.Presl 1838, not Goepp. 1835 (Altingiaceae) ; Washingtonia Winslow 1854, rejected name, not H. Wendl. 1879 (Arecaceae) not Raf. ex J.M. Coult. & Rose 1900 (Apiaceae) ; Wellingtonia Lindl. 1853, illegitimate homonym, not Meisn. 1840 (Sabiaceae) ;

Sequoiadendron is a genus of evergreen trees, with three species, only one of which survives to the present:¹

Sequoiadendron giganteum, extant, commonly known as wellingtonia, giant redwood and giant sequoia,² growing naturally in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California³
† Sequoiadendron chaneyi, the predecessor of Sequoiadendron giganteum, found mostly in the Nevada area of the Tertiary Colorado Plateau until the late Miocene⁴
†Sequoiadendron tchucoticum Late Cretaceous; Enmyvaam River Basin, Russia⁵

Fossil record

*Sequoiadendron chaneyi* foliage fossil, Nevada, United States source ↗

Sequoiadendron fossil pollen and macrofossils may have been found as early as the Late Cretaceous⁵ and throughout the Northern Hemisphere,⁶ including locations in western Georgia in the Caucasus region.⁷

References

"Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families".
"Wellingtonia – Sequoiadendron giganteum". NatureSpot. Retrieved 2022-01-27.
"2013 county distribution map". Biota of North America.
Axelrod, Daniel L. (1959). "Late Cenozoic evolution of the Sierran Bigtree forest". Evolution. 13 (1): 9–23. Bibcode:1959Evolu..13....9A. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1959.tb02990.x. JSTOR 2405942.
A. B. Sokolova; M. G. Moiseeva (2016). "A New Species of the Genus Sequoiadendron Buchholz (Cupressaceae) from the Upper Cretaceous of the Enmyvaam River Basin, Central Chukotka". Paleontological Journal. 50 (1): 96–107. Bibcode:2016PalJ...50...96S. doi:10.1134/S003103011601010X. S2CID 129990538.
Chaney, Ralph W (1950). "A Revision of Fossil Sequoia and Taxodium in Western North America Based on the Recent Discovery of Metasequoia". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 40 (3): 188. Bibcode:1950TAPS...40..171C. doi:10.2307/1005641. JSTOR 1005641.
Shatilova, Irina; Mchedlishvili, Nino; Rukhadze, Luara; Kvavadze, Eliso (2011). The History of the Flora and Vegetation of Georgia. Tbilisi: Georgian National Museum Institute of Paleobiology. ISBN 978-9941-9105-3-1.

[n-1] "Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families".

[2] "Wellingtonia – Sequoiadendron giganteum". NatureSpot. Retrieved 2022-01-27.

[3] "2013 county distribution map". Biota of North America.

[4] Axelrod, Daniel L. (1959). "Late Cenozoic evolution of the Sierran Bigtree forest". Evolution. 13 (1): 9–23. Bibcode:1959Evolu..13....9A. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1959.tb02990.x. JSTOR 2405942.

[Sokolova-5] A. B. Sokolova; M. G. Moiseeva (2016). "A New Species of the Genus Sequoiadendron Buchholz (Cupressaceae) from the Upper Cretaceous of the Enmyvaam River Basin, Central Chukotka". Paleontological Journal. 50 (1): 96–107. Bibcode:2016PalJ...50...96S. doi:10.1134/S003103011601010X. S2CID 129990538.

[6] Chaney, Ralph W (1950). "A Revision of Fossil Sequoia and Taxodium in Western North America Based on the Recent Discovery of Metasequoia". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 40 (3): 188. Bibcode:1950TAPS...40..171C. doi:10.2307/1005641. JSTOR 1005641.

[7] Shatilova, Irina; Mchedlishvili, Nino; Rukhadze, Luara; Kvavadze, Eliso (2011). The History of the Flora and Vegetation of Georgia. Tbilisi: Georgian National Museum Institute of Paleobiology. ISBN 978-9941-9105-3-1.

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