| Ledrinae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Ledra sp., Russia | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Clade: | Pancrustacea |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Suborder: | Auchenorrhyncha |
| Infraorder: | Cicadomorpha |
| Superfamily: | Membracoidea |
| Family: | Cicadellidae |
| Subfamily: | Ledrinae (Kirschbaum, 1867) |
Ledrinae is a relatively small subfamily within the very large and diverse leafhopper family Cicadellidae. Originally placed in its own family, the "Ledridae",1 it is based on the type genus Ledra.
Description
The Ledrinae are mostly green or brown with a flattened body and tibiae. The ocelli are located near the crown and the forewings have a dense network of veins.
Tribes and genera
The subfamily contains around 500 species which are divided into 5 to 7 tribes depending on the taxonomy followed. A 2009 revision treats the subfamily as having five tribes. The Afrorubrini are found only in southern Africa with 2 genera; the Hespenedrini has a single genus in Chile; Rubrini with a single genus in Australia; and two larger tribes that have a more widespread distribution, especially the Ledrini. Altogether there are more than 40 genera and around 14 others which are not well-placed.2
Genera considered members of the subfamily Ledrinae are listed below; Biolib.cz3 currently lists seven tribes.
Afrorubrini
An African tribe, created by Jones in 2009 and consist of two genera:4
- Afrorubria Linnavuori, 1972 c g
- Sichaea Stål, 1866
Ledrini
The largest tribe (including Petalocephalini2), in number of genera, was originally erected by Fairmaire in 1855 and includes the following genera:5
- Bascarrhinus Fowler, 1898 c g
- Beniledra Linnavuori, 1972 c g
- Betsileonas Kirkaldy, 1903 c g
- Camptelasmus Spinola, 1850
- Chatura Distant, 1908
- Cololedra Evans, 1969
- Confucius Distant, 1907
- Destinia Nast, 1952
- Destinoides Cai & He, 2000
- Dusuna Distant, 1907
- Eleazara Distant, 1908
- Eogypona Kirkaldy, 1901
- Epiclinata Metcalf, 1952
- Ezrana Distant, 1908
- Funkikonia Katô, 1931
- Hangklipia Linnavuori, 1972
- Hemipeltis Spinola, 1850
- Jukaruka Distant, 1907
- Latycephala McKamey, 2006
- Ledra Fabricius, 1803
- Ledracorrhis Evans, 1959
- Ledromorpha Stål, 1864
- Ledropsella Evans, 1966
- Ledropsis White, 1844
- Macrotrichia Zhang, Sun & Dai, 2009
- Midoria Katô, 1931
- Neotituria Kato, 1932
- Pachyledra Schumacher, 1912
- Parapetalocephala Katô, 1931
- Petalocephala Stål, 1854
- Petalocephaloides Kato, 1931
- Platyjassites† Hamilton, 1990
- Platyledra Evans, 1936
- Porcorhinus Goding, 1903
- Stenoledra Evans, 1954
- Thlasia Germar, 1836
- Titiella Bergroth, 1920
- Tituria Stål, 1865
- Turitia Schumacher, 1912
- Yelahanka Viraktamath, Webb & Yeshwanth, 2021
Monotypic tribes
- Hespenedra Kramer, 1966 (tribe Hespenedrini)
- Rubria Stål, 1865 c g (tribe Rubrini)
Stenocotini
- Anacotis Evans, 1937 c g
- Kyphocotis Kirkaldy, 1906 c g
- Kyphoctella Evans, 1966 c g
- Ledracotis Evans, 1937 c g
- Smicrocotis Kirkaldy, 1906 c g
- Stenocotis Stål, 1854 c g
Thymbrini
This tribe was erected by Evans in 1936; Biolib lists the following genera:6
- Alseis Kirkaldy, 1907 c g
- Epipsychidion Kirkaldy, 1906
- Hackeriana Evans, 1937 c g
- Ledraprora Evans, 1937 c g
- Ledrella Evans, 1937 c g
- Macroceps Signoret, 1879 c g
- Microledrella Evans, 1969 c g
- Mitelloides Evans, 1939 c g
- Novothymbris Evans, 1941 c g
- Platyhynna Berg, 1884 c g
- Putoniessa Kirkaldy, 1907 c g
- Putoniessiella Evans, 1969 c g
- Rhotidoides Evans, 1937 c g
- Rhotidus Walker, 1862 c g
- Putoniessa Kirkaldy, 1907 c g
- Putoniessiella Evans, 1969 c g
- Rhotidoides Evans, 1937 c g
- Rhotidus Walker, 1862 c g
- Stenalsella Evans, 1966 c g
- Thymbrella Evans, 1969 c g
- Thymbris Kirkaldy, 1907 c g
Xerophloeini
This tribe was erected by Oman in 1943; Biolib lists five genera:7
- Pariacaca Szwedo, 2002 c g
- Piezauchenia Spinola, 1850 c g
- Proranus Spinola, 1850 c g
- Xedreota c g
- Xerophloea Germar, 1839 c g b
Data sources: i = ITIS,8 c = Catalogue of Life,9 g = GBIF,10 b = Bugguide.net11
- †Cubicostissus Bourgoin & Nel, 2020
- Paulianiana - monotypic P. dracula Evans, 1954 endemic to Madagascar.
Gallery
References
References
- Kirschbaum (1867) Jahrb. nassau. Ver. Naturk., 21/22: 14; in: Melville RV, Smith JDD (1987)
- Jones, J. R.; Deitz, L. L. (2009). "Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2186: 1–120.
- "biolib.cz, subfamily Ledrinae". Retrieved 21 February 2020.
- Biolib.cz: tribus Afrorubrini Jones, 2009 (retrieved 21 February 2020)
- Biolib.cz: tribus Ledrini Fairmaire, 1855 (retrieved 21 February 2020)
- Biolib.cz: tribus Thymbrini Evans, 1936 (retrieved 22 February 2020)
- Biolib.cz: tribus Xerophloeini Oman, 1943 (retrieved 21 February 2020)
- "ITIS, Integrated Taxonomic Information System". Retrieved 2018-05-13.
- "Macrosiphoniella millefolii species details". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 2018-05-13.
- "Macrosiphoniella millefolii". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-05-13.
- "Macrosiphoniella millefolii Species Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-05-13.