Article · Wikipedia archive · Last revised Jun 24, 2026

Kepler-84

Kepler-84 is a Sun-like star 3,339 light-years from the Sun. It is a F-type star. The stellar radius measurement has a large uncertainty of 48% as in 2017, complicating the modelling of the star. The Kepler-84 star has two suspected stellar companions. Four stars, all more than four magnitudes fainter than Kepler-84, are seen within a few arcseconds and at least one is probably gravitationally bound to Kepler-84. Another, which has only a 0.005% chance of being a background star, is a yellow star with mass 0.855 M☉ at a projected separation of 0.18±0.05″ or 0.26″.

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Kepler-84
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Cygnus1
Right ascension 19h 53m 00.48519s2
Declination +40° 29′ 45.9477″2
Apparent magnitude (V) 15.033
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage main sequence4
Spectral type F5
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ) RA: −0.150 mas/yr2
Dec.: −2.872 mas/yr2
Parallax (π)0.6929±0.7043 mas2
Distance1,0666 pc
Details7
Mass1.04 M☉
Radius1.17 R☉
Luminosity1.77 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.27 cgs
Temperature6,091 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.13 dex
Rotation20.21 days8
Rotational velocity (v sin i)4.59 km/s
Age5.2 Gyr
Other designations
Kepler-84, KOI-1589, KIC 5301750, 2MASS J19530049+402945810
Database references
SIMBADdata
Exoplanet Archivedata

Kepler-84 is a Sun-like star 3,339 light-years from the Sun. It is a F-type star.5 The stellar radius measurement has a large uncertainty of 48% as in 2017, complicating the modelling of the star.11 The Kepler-84 star has two suspected stellar companions. Four stars, all more than four magnitudes fainter than Kepler-84, are seen within a few arcseconds and at least one is probably gravitationally bound to Kepler-84.12 Another, which has only a 0.005% chance of being a background star, is a yellow star with mass 0.855 M☉ at a projected separation of 0.18±0.05″ or 0.26″ (213.6 AU).13

Planetary system

Kepler-84 is orbited by five known planets, four small gas giants and a Super-Earth. Planets Kepler-84b and Kepler-84c were confirmed in 201214 while the rest was confirmed in 2014.15 To keep the known planetary system stable, no additional giant planets can be located within 7.4 AU from the parent stars.16

The Kepler-84 planetary system17181920
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination
(°) 		Radius
b 0.126±0.038 MJ 0.083 8.725854±0.00006 0 88.24 0.174±0.045 RJ
c 0.064±0.037 MJ 0.108 12.882525±0.000093 0 88.24 0.184±0.047 RJ
d — 0.052 4.224537±0.000042 — — 0.123±0.024 RJ
e — 0.181 27.434389±0.000224 — — 0.232±0.044 RJ
f — 0.25 44.552169±0.000812 — — 0.196±0.038 RJ
References

References

  1. Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a constellation from a position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 99 (617): 695. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi:10.1086/132034. Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
  2. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. Sousa, S. G.; Adibekyan, V.; Delgado-Mena, E.; Santos, N. C.; Rojas-Ayala, B.; Barros, S. C. C.; Demangeon, O. D. S.; Hoyer, S.; Israelian, G.; Mortier, A.; Soares, B. M. T. B.; Tsantaki, M. (2024). "SWEET-Cat: A view on the planetary mass-radius relation". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 691: A53. arXiv:2409.11965. Bibcode:2024A&A...691A..53S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202451704.
  4. Burke, Christopher J.; Christiansen, Jessie L.; Mullally, F.; Seader, Shawn; Huber, Daniel; Rowe, Jason F.; Coughlin, Jeffrey L.; Thompson, Susan E.; Catanzarite, Joseph; Clarke, Bruce D.; Morton, Timothy D.; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Bryson, Stephen T.; Haas, Michael R.; Batalha, Natalie M.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Twicken, Joseph D.; Li, Jie; Quintana, Elisa; Barclay, Thomas; Henze, Christopher E.; Borucki, William J.; Howell, Steve B.; Still, Martin (2015). "Terrestrial Planet Occurrence Rates for the Kepler GK Dwarf Sample". The Astrophysical Journal. 809 (1): 8. arXiv:1506.04175. Bibcode:2015ApJ...809....8B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/809/1/8.
  5. "Kepler-84 b - NASA Science". science.nasa.gov. 16 March 2016. Retrieved 2024-09-13.
  6. Morton, Timothy D.; Bryson, Stephen T.; Coughlin, Jeffrey L.; Rowe, Jason F.; Ravichandran, Ganesh; Petigura, Erik A.; Haas, Michael R.; Batalha, Natalie M. (2016). "False Positive Probabilities for all Kepler Objects of Interest: 1284 Newly Validated Planets and 428 Likely False Positives". The Astrophysical Journal. 822 (2): 86. arXiv:1605.02825. Bibcode:2016ApJ...822...86M. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/822/2/86.
  7. Mathur, Savita; Claytor, Zachary R.; Santos, Ângela R. G.; García, Rafael A.; Amard, Louis; Bugnet, Lisa; Corsaro, Enrico; Bonanno, Alfio; Breton, Sylvain N.; Godoy-Rivera, Diego; Pinsonneault, Marc H.; Van Saders, Jennifer (2023). "Magnetic Activity Evolution of Solar-like Stars. I. S ph-Age Relation Derived from Kepler Observations". The Astrophysical Journal. 952 (2): 131. arXiv:2306.11657. Bibcode:2023ApJ...952..131M. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acd118.
  8. Santos, A. R. G.; Breton, S. N.; Mathur, S.; García, R. A. (2021). "Surface Rotation and Photometric Activity for Kepler Targets. II. G and F Main-sequence Stars and Cool Subgiant Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 255 (1): 17. arXiv:2107.02217. Bibcode:2021ApJS..255...17S. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac033f.
  9. Petigura, Erik A.; Rogers, James G.; Isaacson, Howard; Owen, James E.; Kraus, Adam L.; Winn, Joshua N.; MacDougall, Mason G.; Howard, Andrew W.; Fulton, Benjamin; Kosiarek, Molly R.; Weiss, Lauren M.; Behmard, Aida; Blunt, Sarah (2022). "The California-Kepler Survey. X. The Radius Gap as a Function of Stellar Mass, Metallicity, and Age". The Astronomical Journal. 163 (4): 179. arXiv:2201.10020. Bibcode:2022AJ....163..179P. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac51e3.
  10. "Kepler-84". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved July 13, 2016.
  11. Ramos, X. S.; Charalambous, C.; Benítez-Llambay, P.; Beaugé, C. (2017), "Planetary migration and the origin of the 2:1 and 3:2 (near)-resonant population of close-in exoplanets", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 602: A101, arXiv:1704.06459, Bibcode:2017A&A...602A.101R, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629642, S2CID 119369796
  12. Hirsch, Lea A.; Ciardi, David R.; Howard, Andrew W.; Everett, Mark E.; Furlan, Elise; Saylors, Mindy; Horch, Elliott P.; Howell, Steve B.; Teske, Johanna; Marcy, Geoffrey W. (2017), "Assessing the Effect of Stellar Companions from High-resolution Imaging of Kepler Objects of Interest", The Astronomical Journal, 153 (3): 117, arXiv:1701.06577, Bibcode:2017AJ....153..117H, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/153/3/117, S2CID 39321033
  13. Kraus, Adam L.; Ireland, Michael J.; Huber, Daniel; Mann, Andrew W.; Dupuy, Trent J. (2016), "The Impact of Stellar Multiplicity on Planetary Systems. I. The Ruinous Influence of Close Binary Companions", The Astronomical Journal, 152 (1): 8, arXiv:1604.05744, Bibcode:2016AJ....152....8K, doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/1/8, S2CID 119110229
  14. Xie, Ji-Wei (2012), "Transit Timing Variation of Near-Resonance Planetary Pairs: Confirmation of 12 Multiple-Planet Systems", The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 208 (2): 22, arXiv:1208.3312, Bibcode:2013ApJS..208...22X, doi:10.1088/0067-0049/208/2/22, S2CID 17160267
  15. openexoplanetcatalogue.com Kepler-84
  16. Becker, Juliette C.; Adams, Fred C. (2017), "Effects of Unseen Additional Planetary Perturbers on Compact Extrasolar Planetary Systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 468 (1): 549–563, arXiv:1702.07714, Bibcode:2017MNRAS.468..549B, doi:10.1093/mnras/stx461, S2CID 119325005
  17. Furlan, E.; Howell, S. B. (2017), "The densities of planets in multiple stellar systems", The Astronomical Journal, 154 (2): 66, arXiv:1707.01942, Bibcode:2017AJ....154...66F, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa7b70, S2CID 28833730
  18. Planet Kepler-84 d at exoplanets.eu
  19. Planet Kepler-84 e at exoplanets.eu
  20. Planet Kepler-84 f at exoplanets.eu