Article · Wikipedia archive · Last revised Jun 29, 2026

Ituglanis

Ituglanis is a genus of small freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Trichomycteridae, the pencil and parasitic catfishes. These catfishes are found in South America. Their greatest diversity seems to occur in the Amazon River basin. Most species inhabit leaf litter, with several species living in caves.

Last revised
Jun 29, 2026
Read time
≈ 4 min
Length
805 w
Citations
20
Source
Wikipedia ↗
Ituglanis
Ituglanis nebulosus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Trichomycteridae
Subfamily: Trichomycterinae
Genus: Ituglanis
Costa & Bockmann, 19931
Type species
Pygidium proops parahybae
Eigenmann, 19181

Ituglanis is a genus of small freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Trichomycteridae, the pencil and parasitic catfishes. These catfishes are found in South America. Their greatest diversity seems to occur in the Amazon River basin.2 Most species inhabit leaf litter, with several species living in caves.2

This genus was first erected for nine species previously classified in Trichomycterus.3 Ituglanis is believed to be a monophyletic group.3 There may be two monophyletic groups within this genus.2 Ituglanis is currently considered a member of the subfamily Trichomycterinae though its position as a member of any of the current subfamilies has been questioned.45 Instead, it has been suggested to be the sister group of a large clade composed of the Glanapteryginae, Sarcoglanidinae, Stegophilinae, Tridentinae and Vandelliinae.2

Species

There are currently over thirty recognized species in this genus:6

  • Ituglanis agreste S. Lima, C. P. Neves & Campos-Paiva, 20137
  • Ituglanis amazonicus (Steindachner, 1882)
  • Ituglanis amphipotamus Mendonça, Oyakawa & Wosiacki, 2018
  • Ituglanis apteryx Datovo, 20148
  • Ituglanis australis Datovo & de Pinna, 20149
  • Ituglanis bambui Bichuette & Trajano, 2004
  • Ituglanis boitata Ferrer, Donin & L. R. Malabarba, 201510
  • Ituglanis boticario Rizzato & Bichuette, 201511
  • Ituglanis cahyensis Sarmento-Soares, Martins-Pinheiro, Aranda & Chamon, 2006
  • Ituglanis compactus Castro & Wosiacki, 2017
  • Ituglanis crispim Donin, de Pinna, Severi & Ramos, 202312
  • Ituglanis eichhorniarum (A. Miranda Ribeiro, 1912)13
  • Ituglanis epikarsticus Bichuette & Trajano, 2004
  • Ituglanis goya Datovo, Aquino & Langeani, 201614
  • Ituglanis gracilior (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
  • Ituglanis guayaberensis (Dahl, 1960)
  • Ituglanis herberti (P. Miranda Ribeiro, 1940)
  • Ituglanis ina Wosiacki, Dutra & Mendonça, 201215
  • Ituglanis inusitatus Ferrer & Donin, 2017
  • Ituglanis jussariensis Vilardo, Katz & W. Costa, 2024
  • Ituglanis laticeps (Kner, 1863)
  • Ituglanis macunaima Datovo & Landim, 2005
  • Ituglanis mambai Bichuette & Trajano, 2008
  • Ituglanis metae (C. H. Eigenmann, 1917)
  • Ituglanis nebulosus de Pinna & Keith, 2003
  • Ituglanis paraguassuensis Campos-Paiva & W. Costa, 2007
  • Ituglanis parahybae (C. H. Eigenmann, 1918)
  • Ituglanis parkoi (P. Miranda Ribeiro, 1944)
  • Ituglanis passensis L. A. Fernández & Bichuette, 2002
  • Ituglanis payaya (Sarmento-Soares, Zanata & Martins-Pinheiro, 2011)
  • Ituglanis proops (A. Miranda Ribeiro, 1908)
  • Ituglanis ramiroi Bichuette & Trajano, 2004
References

References

  1. Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Trichomycterinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 23 November 2025.
  2. Datovo, A.; Landim, M.I. (2005). "Ituglanis macunaima, a new catfish from the rio Araguaia basin, Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology. 3 (4): 455–464. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252005000400002.
  3. Sarmento-Soares, L.M.; Martins-Pinheiro, R.F.; Aranda, A.T.; Chamon, C.C. (2006). "Ituglanis cahyensis, a new catfish from Bahia, Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology. 4 (3): 309–318. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252006000300002.
  4. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Ituglanis". FishBase. June 2016 version.
  5. Campos-Paiva, R.M.; Costa, W.J.E.M. (2007). "Ituglanis paraguassuensis sp. n. (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae): a new catfish from the rio Paraguaçu, northeastern Brazil" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1471: 53–59. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1471.1.5.
  6. Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Ituglanis". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 6 September 2025.
  7. Lima, S.M.Q.; Neves, C.P.; Campos-Paiva, R.M. (2013). "Ituglanis agreste, a new catfish from the rio de Contas basin, northeastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology. 11 (3): 513–524. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252013000300005.
  8. Datovo, A. (2014). "A new species of Ituglanis from the Rio Xingu basin, Brazil, and the evolution of pelvic fin loss in trichomycterid catfishes (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3790 (3): 466–476. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3790.3.5. PMID 24869879.
  9. Datovo, A.; de Pinna, M.C.C. (2014). "A new species of Ituglanis representing the southernmost record of the genus, with comments on phylogenetic relationships (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)". Journal of Fish Biology. 84 (2): 314–327. Bibcode:2014JFBio..84..314D. doi:10.1111/jfb.12285. PMID 24447256.
  10. Ferrer, J.; Donin, L.M.; Malabarba, L.R. (2015). "A new species of Ituglanis Costa & Bockmann, 1993 (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) endemic to the Tramandaí–Mampituba ecoregion, southern Brazil" (PDF). Zootaxa. 4020 (2): 375–389. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4020.2.8. PMID 26624105.
  11. Rizzato, P.P.; Bichuette, M.E. (2015). "Ituglanis boticario, a new troglomorphic catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from Mambaí karst area, central Brazil" (PDF). Zoologia. 31 (6): 577–598. doi:10.1590/S1984-46702014000600006.
  12. Laura M. Donin; Mário C. C. de Pinna; William Severi; Telton P. A. Ramos (2023). "Filling in A Biogeographic Gap: the First Trichomycteridae from the Parnaíba River Basin (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)". Neotropical Ichthyology. 21 (2) e230018. doi:10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0018.
  13. Koerber, S.; Azpelicueta, M.d.l.M. (2014). "Correction of the spelling of Trichomycterus eichhorniarum Miranda Ribeiro, 1912 (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3852 (5): 599. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3852.5.10. PMID 25284424.
  14. Datovo, A.; Aquino, P.d.P.U.d.; Langeani, F. (2016). "A new species of Ituglanis (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the Tocantins and Paranaíba river basins, central Brazil, with remarks on the systematics of the genus". Zootaxa. 4171 (3): 439–458. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4171.3.2. PMID 27701210.
  15. Wosiacki, W.B.; Dutra, G.M.; Mendonça, M.B. (2012). "Description of a new species of Ituglanis (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from Serra dos Carajás, rio Tocantins basin" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology. 10 (3): 547–554. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252012000300007.