GZMM

GZMM
Available structures
PDB	Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2ZGC, 2ZGH, 2ZGJ, 2ZKS
Identifiers
Aliases	GZMM, LMET1, MET1, granzyme M
External IDs	OMIM: 600311; MGI: 99549; HomoloGene: 21099; GeneCards: GZMM; OMA:GZMM - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (human)
End	549,924 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 10 (mouse)
End	79,531,095 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	granulocyte; ; blood; ; spleen; ; lymph node; ; appendix; ; mucosa of transverse colon; ; thymus; ; cerebellar hemisphere; ; right hemisphere of cerebellum; ; bone marrow;
	Top expressed in
	neural layer of retina; ; muscle of thigh; ; morula; ; retinal pigment epithelium; ; interventricular septum; ; olfactory epithelium; ; embryo; ; embryo; ; granulocyte; ; blastocyst;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	peptidase activity; serine-type peptidase activity; endopeptidase activity; serine-type endopeptidase activity; hydrolase activity; protein binding;
Cellular component	extracellular region; membrane;
Biological process	innate immune response; cell death; cytolysis; proteolysis; immune system process; apoptotic process; T cell mediated cytotoxicity;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	3004
	16904
	ENSG00000197540
	ENSMUSG00000054206
	P51124
	n/a
	NM_005317; NM_001258351
	NM_008504; NM_001302485; NM_001302499
	NP_001245280; NP_005308
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Granzyme M is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GZMM gene.⁵⁶

Human natural killer (NK) cells and activated lymphocytes express and store a distinct subset of neutral serine proteases together with proteoglycans and other immune effector molecules in large cytoplasmic granules. These serine proteases are collectively termed granzymes and include 4 distinct gene products: granzyme A, granzyme B, granzyme H, and Met-ase, also known as granzyme M.⁶

References

GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000197540 – Ensembl, May 2017
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000054206 – Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Baker E, Sutherland GR, Smyth MJ (Apr 1994). "The gene encoding a human natural killer cell granule serine protease, Met-ase 1, maps to chromosome 19p13.3". Immunogenetics. 39 (4): 294–5. doi:10.1007/bf00188796. PMID 8119738. S2CID 33990020.
"Entrez Gene: GZMM granzyme M (lymphocyte met-ase 1)".

Further reading

Smyth MJ, O'Connor MD, Trapani JA (1996). "Granzymes: a variety of serine protease specificities encoded by genetically distinct subfamilies". J. Leukoc. Biol. 60 (5): 555–62. doi:10.1002/jlb.60.5.555. PMID 8929545. S2CID 19732623.
Pilat D, Fink T, Obermaier-Skrobanek B, et al. (1995). "The human Met-ase gene (GZMM): structure, sequence, and close physical linkage to the serine protease gene cluster on 19p13.3". Genomics. 24 (3): 445–50. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1651. PMID 7713495.
Smyth MJ, Sayers TJ, Wiltrout T, et al. (1994). "Met-ase: cloning and distinct chromosomal location of a serine protease preferentially expressed in human natural killer cells". J. Immunol. 151 (11): 6195–205. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.151.11.6195. PMID 8245461.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Krenacs L, Smyth MJ, Bagdi E, et al. (2003). "The serine protease granzyme M is preferentially expressed in NK-cell, gamma delta T-cell, and intestinal T-cell lymphomas: evidence of origin from lymphocytes involved in innate immunity". Blood. 101 (9): 3590–3. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-09-2908. PMID 12506019.
Kelly JM, Waterhouse NJ, Cretney E, et al. (2004). "Granzyme M mediates a novel form of perforin-dependent cell death". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (21): 22236–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.M401670200. PMID 15028722.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Mahrus S, Kisiel W, Craik CS (2005). "Granzyme M is a regulatory protease that inactivates proteinase inhibitor 9, an endogenous inhibitor of granzyme B." J. Biol. Chem. 279 (52): 54275–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.M411482200. PMID 15494398.
Lu H, Hou Q, Zhao T, et al. (2006). "Granzyme M directly cleaves inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase (CAD) to unleash CAD leading to DNA fragmentation". J. Immunol. 177 (2): 1171–8. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.2.1171. PMID 16818775.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000197540 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000054206 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8119738-5] Baker E, Sutherland GR, Smyth MJ (Apr 1994). "The gene encoding a human natural killer cell granule serine protease, Met-ase 1, maps to chromosome 19p13.3". Immunogenetics. 39 (4): 294–5. doi:10.1007/bf00188796. PMID 8119738. S2CID 33990020.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: GZMM granzyme M (lymphocyte met-ase 1)".

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