EIF3D

EIF3D
Identifiers
Aliases	EIF3D, EIF3S7, eIF3-p66, eIF3-zeta, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D
External IDs	OMIM: 603915; MGI: 1933181; HomoloGene: 2782; GeneCards: EIF3D; OMA:EIF3D - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 22 (human)1 Band 22q12.3 Start 36,510,855 bp1 End 36,529,184 bp1
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse)2 Band 15|15 E1 Start 77,843,198 bp2 End 77,855,013 bp2
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in body of pancreas left ovary skin of abdomen skin of leg epithelium of nasopharynx parotid gland right uterine tube right ovary spleen body of stomach Top expressed in epiblast mandibular prominence somite abdominal wall maxillary prominence fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell human fetus efferent ductule endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel ventricular zone More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding translation initiation factor activity RNA binding mRNA cap binding Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex, eIF3m membrane eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex eukaryotic 43S preinitiation complex eukaryotic 48S preinitiation complex Biological process formation of cytoplasmic translation initiation complex viral translational termination-reinitiation translational initiation protein biosynthesis IRES-dependent viral translational initiation cap-dependent translational initiation positive regulation of translation positive regulation of mRNA binding cytoplasmic translational initiation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 8664 55944 Ensembl ENSG00000100353 ENSMUSG00000016554 UniProt O15371 O70194 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003753 NM_018749 RefSeq (protein) NP_003744 NP_061219 Location (UCSC) Chr 22: 36.51 – 36.53 Mb Chr 15: 77.84 – 77.86 Mb PubMed search 3 4
Wikidata
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Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D (eIF3d) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF3D gene.⁵⁶

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor-3 (eIF3), the largest of the eIFs, is a multiprotein complex composed of at least ten nonidentical subunits. The complex binds to the 40S ribosome and helps maintain the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits in a dissociated state. It is also thought to play a role in the formation of the 40S initiation complex by interacting with the ternary complex of eIF2/GTP/methionyl-tRNA, and by promoting mRNA binding. The protein encoded by this gene is the major RNA binding subunit of the eIF3 complex.⁶

EIF3D has been shown to interact with PHLDA1⁷ and EIF3A.⁸⁹¹⁰

EIF3D has also been shown to interact with c-Jun mRNA via a non-canonical mechanism. Instead of the EIF4G protein acting as a cap-binding protein to mediate translation, EIF3D has been shown to be a cap binding protein for certain mRNAs such as c-Jun as detected by biochemical assays, although the structure of this complex (eIF3d-m7G cap) has not been resolved. c-Jun has structures at the 5' UTR inhibiting binding of EIF4G and promoting binding of EIF3D.¹¹ EIF3D as a cap binding protein has been thought of as critical to regulating gene expression under cell stress such as during glucose deprivation. For translation of c-Jun under glucose starved conditions, the cap binding activity of EIF3D increased by 10-fold.¹²¹³. In addition, eIF3d can increase translation of capped mRNAs encoding matrix metalloproteinase 1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 12 by interacting with EIF4G2 (also known as DAP5.) in a subset of immune cells. eIF3d is also overexpressed in many cancer types, being involved in cell cycle regulation, and previous research demonstrated it can act as a N6-Methyladenosine reader on mRNAs.