Apocarotenal

Apocarotenal
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Names
	IUPAC name 8′-Apo-β-caroten-8′-al
	Systematic IUPAC name (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16E)-2,6,11,15-Tetramethyl-17-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)heptadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16-octaenal
	Other names trans-beta-apo-8'-carotenal; C.I. Food Orange 6; E number 160E;
Identifiers
CAS Number	1107-26-2 Y;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image; Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:53154 Y;
ChemSpider	4585625 Y;
ECHA InfoCard	100.012.883
E number	E160e (colours)
PubChem CID	5478003;
UNII	V22N3E2U32 Y;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID20883251 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C30H40O/c1-24(13-8-9-14-25(2)16-11-18-27(4)23-31)15-10-17-26(3)20-21-29-28(5)19-12-22-30(29,6)7/h8-11,13-18,20-21,23H,12,19,22H2,1-7H3/b9-8+,15-10+,16-11+,21-20+,24-13+,25-14+,26-17+,27-18+ Y Key: DFMMVLFMMAQXHZ-DOKBYWHISA-N Y; InChI=1S/C30H40O/c1-24(13-8-9-14-25(2)16-11-18-27(4)23-31)15-10-17-26(3)20-21-29-28(5)19-12-22-30(29,6)7/h8-11,13-18,20-21,23H,12,19,22H2,1-7H3/b9-8+,15-10+,16-11+,21-20+,24-13+,25-14+,26-17+,27-18+; Key: DFMMVLFMMAQXHZ-DOKBYWHISA-N;
	SMILES CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=CC(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)C=O; O=C\C(=C\C=C\C(=C\C=C\C=C(\C=C\C=C(\C=C\C1=C(\CCCC1(C)C)C)C)C)C)C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C30H40O
Molar mass	416.649 g·mol−1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Apocarotenal, or trans-β-apo-8'-carotenal, is a carotenoid found in spinach and citrus fruits. Like other carotenoids, apocarotenal plays a role as a precursor of vitamin A, even though it has 50% less pro-vitamin A activity than β-carotene. The empirical chemical formula for apocarotenal is C₃₀H₄₀O.

Apocarotenal has an orange to orange-red colour and is used in foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic products. Depending on the product forms, apocarotenal is used in fat-based foods (such as margarine, sauces, and salad dressing), beverages, dairy products, and sweets. Its E number is E160e and it is approved for use as a food additive in the US,¹ EU,² Australia, and New Zealand.³

References

US FDA:"Colour Additive Status List". Food and Drug Administration. Archived from the original on June 6, 2009. Retrieved 2011-10-27.
UK Food Standards Agency: "Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers". Retrieved 2011-10-27.
Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code"Standard 1.2.4 - Labelling of ingredients". 8 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-27.

External links

Some info on apocarotenal
Olson, A.J. (1964). "The biosynthesis and metabolism of carotenoids and retinol (vitamin A)" (PDF). Journal of Lipid Research. 5 (3): 281–298. doi:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)40196-8. PMID 5334361.

[1] US FDA:"Colour Additive Status List". Food and Drug Administration. Archived from the original on June 6, 2009. Retrieved 2011-10-27.

[2] UK Food Standards Agency: "Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers". Retrieved 2011-10-27.

[3] Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code"Standard 1.2.4 - Labelling of ingredients". 8 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-27.

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