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Dundee Limestone

Dundee Limestone is a geologic formation in Michigan, Ohio and Ontario. It preserves fossils dating back to the Middle Devonian.

Last revised
Jul 1, 2026
Read time
≈ 4 min
Length
898 w
Citations
58
Source
Dundee Limestone
Stratigraphic range: Middle Devonian,
TypeFormation
UnderliesTraverse Group, Rogers City Limestone, and Silica Formation
OverliesAnderdon Limestone, Detroit River Group, and Lucas Formation
Thickness144.78 metres (475.0 ft)
Lithology
Primarylimestone, dolomite, chert
Location
RegionOntario, Michigan, and Ohio
CountryUnited States, Canada
Type section
Named forDundee, Michigan

Dundee Limestone (also referred to as the "Columbus" Limestone) is a geologic formation in Michigan, Ohio and Ontario. It preserves fossils dating back to the Middle Devonian.

Description

The Dundee Limestone is named after Dundee, the area where the original outcrops were found . It is, as the name states, made up of limestones, though the makeup of the limestone change throughout the strata. These are able to be divided into two units. The upper strata of Dundee are made up of medium to course grain limestone and is where most fossils from the limestone are present. The lower strata are made up of sandy dolomite along with limestone and nodular chert.12

The limestone represents the Dundee Sea, a shallow sea named after the limestone. There is only a small amount of macrofossils known from the lower Dundee which contrasts the nearby Delaware Limestone. This lack of macrofossils can potentially be attributed to highly saline periods of time. As time went on, there is evidence that a lagoon or another near-shore environment formed, allowing for an influx of fauna.2

Paleobiotia

Annelida

Genus Species Notes Image
Eunicites3 E. effusus
E. euconus
E. extensus
Ildraites3 I. eminulus
Marleneites3 M. elatus
M. explicatus
Nereidavus3 N. exploratus
Paleoenonites3 P. editus
P. exsertus
Staurocephalites3 S. eucharis
S. ejectus

Anthozoa

Genus Species Notes Image
Favosites4 F. "turbinatus"
source ↗
Heterophrentis4 H. prolifica
Hexagonaria45 H. alternata
H. anna
source ↗
H. sp. aff. H. coalita
H. parva
H. stewartae
H. tabulata
H. tabulata convexa
H. truncata
H. sp. A aff. H. truncata
H. sp. B aff. H. prisma

Brachiopoda

Genus Species Notes Image
Atrypa4 A. costata
source ↗
A. elegans grabau
Brachyspirifer4 B. lucasensis
source ↗
B. manni
Cyrtospirifer4 C. sp. aff. grieri
source ↗
Megastrophia4 M. sp. aff. hemispherica
source ↗
Pholidostronhia4 P. nacrea
Protoleptostrophia4 P. perplana
Rhipidomella 4 R. variabilis
Schizophoria4 S. folevi
source ↗
Spinulicosta64 S. spinulicosta
Stropheodonta4 S. sp. aff. demissa
source ↗

Bryozoa

Genus Species Notes Image
Sulcoretepora4 S. gilberti
source ↗

Charophyta

Genus Species Notes Image
Trochiliscus7 T. bellatulus

Conodonta

Genus Species Notes Image
Acodina8 A. formosa
Angulodus8 A. walrathi
Bryantodus8 B. mundus
Hibbardella8 H. austinensis
H. hawkeyensa
H. separata
H. triangularis
H. n. sp. A
H. n. sp. B
Icriodus8 I. angustus
I. "cymbiformis"
I. nodosus
I. sp. aff. I. eslaensi
I. latericrescens subsp. A
I. postifexus
Neoprioniodus8 N. alatus
N. bicuwatus
N. n. sp.
N. pronus
Ozarkodina8 O. congesta
O. lata
Paltodus8 P. n. sp.
Plectospathodus8 P. n. sp.
Polygnathus8 P. eiflia
source ↗
P. linguiformis
P. robusticostata
P. webbi
Prioniodus8 P. aversa
source ↗

incertae sedis

Genus Species Notes Image
Coleolus4 C. sp. aff. C. carbonarius

Mollusca

Genus Species Notes Image
Conocardium4 C. subtrigonale
source ↗
Cornellites4 C. flabella
Michelinoceras M. ohioensis
source ↗
Paracydas 4 P. proavia
Platyceras4 P. carinatum
source ↗
P. dumosum
P. keoughi
Pleuronotus4 P. decewi
source ↗

Osteichthyes

Genus Species Notes Image
Onychodus9 O. eriensis
source ↗

Ostracoda

Genus Species Notes Image
Barychilina10 B. periptyches
Dizygopleura10 D. compsa
Hollinella10 H. variopapillata
Keslingolophia10 K. chariessa
Octonaria10 O. sp
Trypetera10 T. barathrota

Tentaculitida

Genus Species Notes Image
Tentaculites 4 T. scalariformis

Trilobita

Genus Species Notes Image
Basidechenella4 B. rowi
source ↗
Coronura11 C. sp. aff. C. aspectans
source ↗
Crassiproetus4 C. crassimarginatus
source ↗
Dechenella4 D. planimarginata
source ↗
Phacops12 P. rana
source ↗
Trypaulites11 T. sp. aff. T. calypso
Viaphacops4 V. cristatus
source ↗
References

References

  1. Smith, David A. (1972). "High-Calcium Limestone Facies of the Devonian Dundee Limestone, Northwest Ohio". Report of Investigations. 86.
  2. Janssens, A. (1970). "Middle Devonian Formations in the Subsurface of Northwestern Ohio". Report of Investigations. 78.
  3. Eller, E. R. (1963-08-23). "Scolecodonts from the Dundee, Devonian of Michigan". Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 36: 173–180. doi:10.5962/p.247193. ISSN 0097-4463.
  4. Stewart, Grace Anne (1955). "Age relations of the middle Devonian limestones in Ohio". The Ohio Journal of Science. 55 (3).
  5. Stumm, Erwin C (1949). "Lower Middle Devonian species of the tetracoral genus Hexagonaria of east-central North America". Contributions From The Museum of Paleontology. 7 (2).
  6. Muir-Wood, Helen; Cooper, G. Arthur (1960), "Morphology, Classification and Life Habits of the Productoidea (Brachiopoda)", Geological Society of America Memoirs, Geological Society of America, pp. 1–567, retrieved 2024-12-07
  7. Kesling, Robert Vernon (1966). "Trochiliscus bellatulus PECK from the Middle Devonian Dundee Limestone of northwestern Ohio". Contributions From The Museum of Paleontology. 20 (7).
  8. Ferrigno, Kenneth F. (March 1971). "Environmental Influences on the Distribution and Abundance of Conodonts from the Dundee Limestone (Devonian), St. Mary's, Ontario". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 8 (3): 378–386. doi:10.1139/e71-038. ISSN 0008-4077.
  9. Mann, Arjan; Rudkin, David; Evans, David C.; Laflamme, Marc (March 2017). "A large onychodontiform (Osteichthyes: Sarcopterygii) apex predator from the Eifelian-aged Dundee Formation of Ontario, Canada". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 54 (3): 233–241. doi:10.1139/cjes-2016-0119. hdl:1807/75619. ISSN 0008-4077.
  10. Kesling, Robert V. (1954). "Ostracods from the Middle Devonian Dundee Limestone in Northwestern Ohio". Contributions From The Museum of Paleontology. 11 (8).
  11. Stumm, Erwin Charles (1954). "Lower Middle Devonian phacopid trilobites from Michigan, Southwester Ontario, and the Ohio Valley". Contributions From The Museum of Paleontology. 11 (11).
  12. Eldredge, Niles (1972). "Systematics and evolution of Phacops rana (Green, 1832) and Phacops iowensis Delo, 1935 (Trilobita) from the Middle Devonian of North America". Bulletin of the AMNH. 147 (2).
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