| Ventrata | |
|---|---|
| |
| Paramecium caudatum | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Sar |
| Clade: | Alveolata |
| Phylum: | Ciliophora |
| Subphylum: | Intramacronucleata |
| Infraphylum: | Ventrata Cavalier-Smith 2004 |
| Classes1 | |
Ventrata is an infraphylum of ciliates inside the subphylum Intramacronucleata that unites the classes Phyllopharyngea, Colpodea, Nassophorea, Prostomatea, Plagiopylea and Oligohymenophorea.1 It is equivalent to the clade CONthreeP or Conthreep recovered by phylogenetic analyses.2
Description
Members of this taxon are characterized by having, ancestrally, a ventral cytopharynx,1 as the name suggests.
Phylogeny
The monophyly of CONthreeP is well supported, being placed as sister to Protocruziea.2 The order Discotrichida, belonging to class Nassophorea, has been recovered as the earliest branch of the clade.2
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References
References
- Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2004). "Chromalveolate Diversity and Cell Megaevolution: Interplay of Membranes, Genomes and Cytoskeleton". In Hirt, Robert P.; Horner, David S. (eds.). Organelles, Genomes and Eukaryote Phylogeny: An Evolutionary Synthesis in the Age of Genomics. Systematics Association Special Volumes Series. Vol. 68 (1st ed.). CRC Press. pp. 75–108. doi:10.1201/9780203508930. ISBN 0-415-29904-7.
- Gao, Feng; Warren, Alan; Zhang, Qianqian; Gong, Jun; Miao, Miao; Sun, Ping; Xu, Dapeng; Huang, Jie; Yi, Zhenzhen (2016-04-29). "The All-Data-Based Evolutionary Hypothesis of Ciliated Protists with a Revised Classification of the Phylum Ciliophora (Eukaryota, Alveolata)". Scientific Reports. 6 24874. Bibcode:2016NatSR...624874G. doi:10.1038/srep24874. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4850378. PMID 27126745.