Co-firing (or cofiring, also referred to as complementary firing or co-combustion) is the combustion of two different fuels in the same combustion system.1 Fuels can be solid fuels, liquid fuels or gaseous, and its source either fossil or renewable.2 Therefore, use of heavy fuel oil assisting coal power stations may technically be considered co-firing. The term co-firing was popularized in the 1980s and then referred specifically to the use of waste solid residues (paper, plastic, solvents, tars, etc.) or biomass3 in coal power stations that were designed only for the combustion of coal.4
References
References
- Ekmann, J. M; Winslow, J. C; Smouse, S. M; Ramezan, M (1998-03-01). "International survey of cofiring coal with biomass and other wastes". Fuel Processing Technology. 54 (1): 171–188. Bibcode:1998FuPrT..54..171E. doi:10.1016/S0378-3820(97)00068-4. ISSN 0378-3820.
- Tillman, D. A (2000-12-01). "Biomass cofiring: the technology, the experience, the combustion consequences". Biomass and Bioenergy. Cofiring Benefits for Coal and Biomass. 19 (6): 365–384. Bibcode:2000BmBe...19..365T. doi:10.1016/S0961-9534(00)00049-0. ISSN 0961-9534.
- Sondreal, Everett A.; Benson, Steven A.; Hurley, John P.; Mann, Michael D.; Pavlish, John H.; Swanson, Michael L.; Weber, Greg F.; Zygarlicke, Christopher J. (2001-06-01). "Review of advances in combustion technology and biomass cofiring". Fuel Processing Technology. Fuel science in the year 2000: Where do we stand and where do we go from here?. 71 (1): 7–38. Bibcode:2001FuPrT..71....7S. doi:10.1016/S0378-3820(01)00134-5. ISSN 0378-3820.
- Mann, M.; Spath, P. (2001-08-01). "A life cycle assessment of biomass cofiring in a coal-fired power plant". Clean Products and Processes. 3 (2): 81–91. Bibcode:2001CPP.....3...81M. doi:10.1007/s100980100109. ISSN 1435-2974.