| Cassida | |
|---|---|
| |
| C. nebulosa | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Clade: | Pancrustacea |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Infraorder: | Cucujiformia |
| Family: | Chrysomelidae |
| Subfamily: | Cassidinae |
| Tribe: | Cassidini |
| Genus: | Cassida Linnaeus, 1758 |
| Type species | |
| Cassida nebulosa | |
| Diversity | |
| at least 430 species | |
Cassida is a large Old World genus of tortoise beetles in the subfamily Cassidinae. The natural history of Cassida sphaerula in South Africa is a typical life cycle.1 Several species of Cassida are important agricultural pests,2 in particular C. vittata and C. nebulosa on sugar beet and spinach. The thistle tortoise beetle (Cassida rubiginosa) has been used as a biological control agent against Canada thistle.
The genus name is derived from Latin Cassis for a metal helmet.
There are at least 430 described species in Cassida.34 This genus contains the most species of all Cassidinae.5 Larvae build shields with their feces and exuviae, a widespread pattern of tortoise beetles.6
References
References
- Adam S., M. Campos, H.D.C. Heron, C. Staines, R. Westerduijn, & C.S. Chaboo. 2022. Natural history notes of Cassida sphaerula Boheman, 1853 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidini) on Arctotheca prostrata (Salisb.) Britten (Asteraceae) in South Africa. Insecta Mundi 095: 1-23.
- Chaboo, C.S. 2007. Biology and phylogeny of the Cassidinae (tortoise and leaf-mining beetles) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 305:250pp.
- "Cassida". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-04-25.
- "Cassida Genus Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-04-25.
- Boroweic, L. (1999). A world catalogue of the Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Biologica Silesiae.
- Chaboo, C.S., S. Adam, K. Nishida, L. Schletzbaum. 2023. Architecture, construction, retention, and repair of fecal shields in three tribes of tortoise beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Cassidinae: Cassidini, Mesomphaliini, Spilophorini). ZooKeys Special Issue, Research on Chrysomelidae 9. ZooKeys 1177: 87–146. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1177.102600
Further reading
Further reading
- Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Davies, Anthony E.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; et al. (2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys (88). Pensoft Publishers: 1–972. Bibcode:2011ZooK...88....1B. doi:10.3897/zookeys.88.807. ISSN 1313-2989. PMC 3088472. PMID 21594053.
- Clark, S. M.; Le Doux, D. G.; Riley, E. G.; Gilbert, A. J.; et al. (2004). Host Plants of Leaf Beetle Species Occurring in the United States and Canada. Coleopterists Society. ISBN 9780972608732.
- LeConte, J. L. (1861). Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. Vol. 3. Smithsonian Institution. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.38459. ISBN 0665100558.
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