Bismuthide

The bismuthide ion is Bi³⁻ but the term is often used to describe less reduced forms of bismuth.

Bismuthides are compounds of bismuth with more electropositive elements. A wide variety are known.

The stoichiometry of bismuthides ranges from lithium bismuthide (Li₃Bi), which can be viewed as the Li⁺ salt of Bi^3-. The corresponding sodium and potassium derivatives are also known. They all prepared by heating the elements.¹

In terms of Bi-rich phases, examples are LiBi, KBi₂, CaBi₃, which exhibit strong Bi-Bi bonding.² Some are intermetallic compounds, containing partially metallic and partially ionic bonds. The majority of bismuthides adopt efficient packing arrangements and become densely packed structures, which is a characteristic of intermetallic compounds.

References

E. Dönges (1963). "Phosphides, Arsenides, Antimonides and Bismuthides". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2pages=985. NY, NY: Academic Press.
Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 554. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[1] E. Dönges (1963). "Phosphides, Arsenides, Antimonides and Bismuthides". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2pages=985. NY, NY: Academic Press.

[2] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 554. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

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References