This is a list of defunct automobile manufacturers of the United States. They were discontinued for various reasons, such as bankruptcy of the parent company, mergers, or being phased out.
A
- A Automobile Company (1910–1913)
'Blue & Gold, Red John, model1 - Abbott-Detroit (1909–1918)
Moved to Cleveland and renamed to 'Abbott' in 1917.2 - Abeln-Zehr (1911–1912)
Renamed to 'Zehr' after departure of S. Abeln in 1912.3 - AC Propulsion (1997–2003)
tzero model - Apex Motor Car Company (1920–1922)
Ace model - Acme Motor Car Company (1903–1911)
- Adams Company (1905–1912)
'Adams-Farwell' model - Anger Engineering Company (1913–1915)4 (also known as A.E.C., but not the same company as the British A.E.C.)
- Aerocar Company (1905–1908)
- Aerocar International (1946–1987)
- Aircraft Products (1947)
Airscoot model - Airway (1949–1950)5
- Ajax Motors Co. (1914–1915)
Based in Seattle - Ajax Motor Vehicle Company (1901–1903)
Based in New York City - Aland Motor Car Company (1916–1917)
- Albany Automobile Company (1907–1908)
- Alden Sampson Company (1904)
Sampson model - Albaugh-Dover Co. (1910–1911)
Also known as Aldo - All-Steel Motor Car Co. (1915–1916)
- Allen Motor Company (1913–1922)
Based in Ohio6 - Allen Iron & Steel Company (1913–1914)
Based in Philadelphia7 - Alpena Motor Company (1910–1914)8
- Alter Motor Car Company (1914–1917)
- Altham (1896–1899)
- Alcoa (1920–1922)
'Aluminum' model9 - Amalgamated Machinery Corp (1917–1919)
- Ambassador (1921–1925)1011
- American Automobile Manufacturing Company (1911–1912)10
Jonz and American models. Based in Indiana. - American Automobile and Power Company (1904–1905)
Populaire model - American Automobile Co. (1899–1901)10
Based in New York - American Cyclecar Co. (1914)10
- American Austin (1929–1941)
Renamed to 'American Bantam' in 193510 - American Beauty (1918–1920)12
- American Electric (1913–1914)
Based in Michigan - American Electric Vehicle Co. (1896–1902)
Based in Chicago - American Locomotive Automobile Company (1908–1913)10
Also known as Alco - American Metal Wheel & Auto Co (1907)
Juvenile model - American Mors (1906–1909)10
- American Motor Car Company (1906–1914)
- American Motor Company (1895–1902) 13
- American Motor Carriage Co. (1902–1904)10
- American Motor Vehicle Co. (1916–1920)
Junior model - American Motors (1954–1987)
Also known as AMC - American Motors Co. (1906–1924)1014
Balanced Six model. Based in New Jersey - American Motors Incorporated (1917–1922)
Amco model. Based in New York - American Power Carriage (1899–1900)10
- American Simplex (1906–1913)
Renamed to Amplex in 1910 - American Steam Automobile Co. (1924–1931)
Based in Massachusetts - American Steam Truck Co. (1922–1924)
Based in Illinois - American Voiturette (1913–1914)3
Car-Nation models - American Waltham (1898–1899)
- American Wheelock15
- Ames, F.A. Co. (1910–1922)
Renamed to 'Ames Body Corporation' in 19151016 - Ams-Sterling (1917)10
- Anchor Buggy & Carriage Co. (1910–1911)
- Anderson Automobile Co. (1916–1925)10
- Anderson Carriage Manufacturing Co. (1907–1910)17181920
- Anderson Machine Co. (1906)17
- Anger Engineering Company (1912–1915)21
Also known as A.E.C. - Angus (1907–1910)10
Fuller model - Anheuser-Busch (1905)22
Built in St. Louis by the beer company - Anhut (1909–1910)23
- Ansted (1926–1927)
- Ansted-Lexington (1922)
- Anthony (1899–1900)10
- Apperson (1902–1926)
- Apple Automobile Company (1917–1918)
- Arabian (1915–1917)24
- ArBenz (1911–1918)10
- Ardsley Motor Car Co. (1905–1906)
- Argo Electric Vehicle Co. (1912–1916)
Based in Saginaw, Michigan. - Argo Motor Co. (1914–1916)
Based in Jackson, Michigan. - Ariel Company (1905–1907)
- Aristos10
- Armstrong Electric (1885–1902)
- Arnolt, S.H. Inc. (1953–1954)5
- Artzberger (1904)25
- Atlas Automobile Co. (1906–1907)
Based in Pittsburgh - Atlas Motor Car Co. (1907–1913)
Based in Massachusetts. Renamed to 'Atlas-Knight' in 1912. - Auburn Automobile Co. (1900–1936)
Based in Indiana - Auburn Motor Chassis (1912–1915)26
- Aultman (1901)
- Aurora Automobile Co. (1905–1906)1026
Formerly 'Aurora Carriage Top Company' - Aurora Automatic Machinery Co. (1907–1909)26
- Austen10
- Austin Automobile Company (1901–1921)10
- Auto-Bug (1909–1910)10
- Auto Cub (1956)
- Auto Cycle (1906–1907)10
- Auto Dynamic (1900–1902)10
- Autoette Electric Car Co. (1948–1970)
- Automatic Transportation Co. (1921)10
- Automobile Fore Carriage (1900)27
- Automobile Voiturette10
- Automotor (1901–1904)10
- Autoparts Manufacturing Co. (1910)
King-Remick model - Auto Tricar (1914)10
- Auto Vehicle10
- Avanti Motor Co. (1963–2007)
- Avery Company (1891–1928) Tractor, truck and car manufacturer
B
- Babcock, H.H. Company (1909–1913)10 H.H. Babcock Company
- Babcock Electric Carriage Co. (1906–1912)
- Baby Moose (1914)
- Bachelle Electric (1900–1903)10
- Bacon (1901, 1919–1920)10 Bacon (Automobilhersteller)
- Badger (1910–1911)28
Based in Wisconsin - Bailey (1907–1910)10 Bailey Automobile Company
- Baker Electric (1899–1916)29
Based in Cleveland - Balboa (1924–1925)10
- Baldner (1900–1903)10
- Baldwin (1899–1901)10
- Ball Steam (1868, 1902)10
- Balzer (1894–1900)
- Banker (1905)10
- Bantam (1914)12
Distinct from American Bantam - Barbarino (1923–1925)10
- Barley Motor Car Co. (1916–1929)
- Barrows Electric (1895–1899)30
- Bates Automobile Company (1904–1905)
- Bauer (1914–1916)10
- Bay State (1907–1908)10
- Bean-Chamberlain Manufacturing Co. (1901–1902)
Hudson model - Beardsley (1914–1917)10
- Beechcraft (1946)5
- Beggs (1919–1923)1031
- Belden (1907–1911)10
- Bell Motor Car Company (1916–1922)32
Based in Pennsylvania - Belmont Electric Auto Co. (1909–1910)
- Belmont (1916)10
- Bendix (1908–1909)10
- Benham Manufacturing Co. (1914)
- Ben Hur (1917–1918)29
Based in Cleveland - Benner (1909)10
- Berg (1903–1905)2
Based in Cleveland - Bergdoll (1910–1913)10
- Berwick Auto Car Co. (1904)
- Berkshire (1905–1912)10
- Berliet (1906-1913)10
- Bertolet (1908–1910)10
- Bethlehem (1917-1926) cars from (1919-1920)22
- Beverly (1904)10
- Bi-Autogo (1908–1912)33
- Biddle (1915–1922)
- Beisel Motorette Company (1914)
- Bimel (1916–1917)10
- Binghamton Electric (1920)
- Binney & Burnham (1901–1902)
- Birch Motor Cars (1916–1923)12
- Birmingham Motors (1921–1923)10
- Black (1893, 1896–1900)
- Black Motor Company (1908–1910)34 Renamed to 'Black-Crow' in 1909
- Blackhawk (1903)10
- Blackhawk (1929–1930)
- Bliss (1906)
- B.L.M. (1906–1907)10
- Blomstrom (C.H.) Motor Co. (1902–1903)10
- Blomstrom Manufacturing Co. (1907–1908)10
Gyroscope model, based in Michigan. - Blood Brothers Auto and Machine Company (1902–1906)
- BMC (1952)5
Distinct from the British brand - Boardman (1946)5
- Bobbi-Kar (1945–1947)5
- Boisselot (1901)10
- Borbein Electric (1900, 1904–1909)10
- Borland Electric (1910–1916)10
- Boss Steam Car (1897–1909)35
- Boston-Amesbury (1902–1903)10
- Boston High Wheel (1907)10
- Bour-Davis Co. (1915–1922)
- Bournonville10
- Bowman Motor Car Company (1921–1922)10
- Bramwell (1904–1905)10
- Bramwell-Robinson (1899–1902)10
- Brasie (1914–1916)10
- Brazier (1902–1903)10
- Brecht (1901–1903)35
- Brennan (1902–1908)10
- Brew-Hatcher (1904–1905)
- Brewster & Co. (1915–1925, 1934–1937)
- Briggs and Stratton (1919–1923)10
Smith Flyer model - Briggs-Detroiter Motor Car Co. (1912–1917)
- Brightwood10
- Briscoe Motor Co. (1913–1923)
- Bristol (1903–1904)35
- Broc Electric (1909–1916)29
Based in Cleveland - Brogan (1946–1950)5
- Brook (1920–1921)10
- Brooks Steamer (1927)10
- Brown (1914)10
- Brownie (1916)36
- Browniekar (1908–1911)36
- Brush Motor Car Company (1907–1912)
- Bryan Steam Car (1918–1923)
- Buckeye (1895)37
Based in Indiana - Buckmobile (1903–1905)
- Buffalo Automobile and Auto-Bi Company (1900–1902)10
- Buffalo Electric (1912–1915)
- Buffum (1901–1907)
- Buggy Car Company (1908–1909)10
- Bugmobile (1907–1909)38
Based in Chicago - Burdick (1909)36
- Burg (1910–1913)36
- Burns (1908–1912)36
- Burrows (1914–1915)
- Burtt Manufacturing Co. (1902–1906)10
Cannon model - Bush (1916–1924)
- B-Z-T Car Company (1924–1915)
C
- C-A-C (1914–1915)
- Cady Automobile Company (1899)39
- California (1900–1902, 1910)40
- Caloric (1903–1904)
- Camelot Motors (1981)39
- Cameron (1903–1920)41
- Campbell (1918–1919)36
- Canda (1900–1902)36
- Cannon (1902–1906)
- Canoo (2017–2025)42
- Cantono Electric (1904–1907)36
- Car de Luxe (1906–1910)
- Carbon Motors Corporation (2003–2013)
- Cardway (1923–1924)36
- Carhart (1871)36
- Carhartt Automobile Company (1910–1912)
- Carlson (1904)36
- Carrol36
- Carroll (1908)36
Distinct from Carrol - Carroll Six (1921–1922)
- Carter Twin-Engine (1907–1908)
- Cartercar (1905–1916)
- Carthage (1914–1915)36
- Case (1911–1927)43
Based in Wisconsin - C.B (1917–1918)36
- Ceco (1914–1915)44
Based in Chicago - Centaur (1902–1903)36
- Central (1905–1906)36
- Century (1900–1903)36
'Tourist' model - Century Motor Company (1911–1915)36
Renamed to 'Century Electric Car Company' in 1915 - Century Steamer (1906)35
- Chadwick Engineering Works (1904–1916, 1960)36
- Chalfant (1905–1912)36
- Chalmers-Detroit (1908–1914)
Renamed to Chalmers in 1911 - Champion (1916)36
- Chandler (1913–1929)
- Chapman Electric (1899–1901)36
- Charles Abresch Company (1899–circa 1965)
- Chase (1907–1912)36
- Checker Motors Corporation (1922–1982)
- Chelsea (1914)36
- Chicago (1902)45
- Chicago Electric (1899–1901)36
- Chicago Motor Buggy (1908)
- Chicago Recording Scale Co (1906–1907)
Apollo model - Chicago Steam Car (1905–1907)36
- Chief (1908)12
- Christie (1904–1910)36
- Christman (1901–1905, 1907)36
- Church-Field (1912–1913)
- Church Manufacturing Co (1903–1904)
Lenawee model - Cincinnati Steamer (1903–1904)35
- CinO (1910–1913)36
- Citicar (1974–1976)
- Clark (1901)35
- Clark Electric (1903–1905)36
- Clark & Company (1903–1904)46
Clarkmobile model - Classic (1916–1917, 1920)36
- Cleburne36
- Clénet Coachworks (1975–1980)
- Clermont35
- Cleveland (1902–1904)2
Built in Cleveland - Cleveland (1905–1909)
- Cleveland (1914)2
- Cleveland (1919–1926)2
- Climber (1919–1924)47
- Clinton E. Woods Electric (1897–1901)48
- Clipper (1956)4950
- Clough Steamer (1869)48
- Cloughley (1896–1903)36
- Club Car (1910–1911)36
- Clyde Special36
- Clymer (1908)38
Based in Missouri - Coates-Goshen (1908–1910)
- Coats Steam Car (1921–1923)
- Coda (2009–2013)
- Coey-Mitchell Automobile Company (1901-1902) + (1913–1917)
- Coggswell (1910–1911)36
- Colburn (1906–1911)51
Based in Denver - ColbyDenver (1911–1914)36
- Cole Motor Car Company (1909–1925)52
Based in Indianapolis - Colonial Motors Corporation (1921–1922)36
- Colonial Electric Car Company (1912)
- Colt (1907)53
Based in New York - Columbia (1897–1913)
- Columbian Electric36
- Columbia Motors (1916–1924)36
- Columbian Electric (1914–1917)36
Distinct from 'Columbia Electric' - Columbus Buggy Company (1907–1908)36
- Columbus Electric (1903–1915)54
Based in Ohio - Comet (1917–1922)36
Based in Illinois - Comet (1946–1951)5
- Commerce (1907–1908)36
- Commercial Motor Truck Company55
Based in Ohio - Commodore Motors Corporation (1921–1922)36
- Commonwealth (1917–1922)36
- Commuter Cars (1998)
- Comuta-Car (1979–1982)56 (See its predecessor, the Citicar)
- Conrad (1900–1903)35
- Continental (1907–1908)
- Continental (1914)57
Based in Minneapolis and Chicago - Continental (1933–1934)36
- Continental (1956–1957)
- Corbin (1904–1912)
- Corbin (1999–2003)
- Corbitt (1907–1914)36
- Cord (1929–1932,1936–1937)
- Corinthian (1922–1923)36
- Cornelian (1914–1915)36
- Cornish-Friedberg36
- Cornish-Friedberg Motor Car Co (1907–1909)
- Correja (1909–1914)
- Corwin (1905–1906)58
Gas-au-lec model - Cosmopolitan (1907–1910)36
Distinct from the Nash Cosmopolitan - Cotta Steam (1901–1903)35
- Country Club (1903–1904)36
- Courier (1904–1905)
- Courier (1909–1911)36
- Courier Car Co (1912)
'Clermont' model - Covert (1902–1907)
- Coyote Special (1909–1910)
- C.R. Patterson and Sons (1915–1939), maker of the Patterson-Greenfield automobile and later buses and trucks.59
- Craig-Toledo (1907)36
- Crane (1912–1920)36
Renamed to Crane-Simplex in 1915 - Crane & Breed (1912–1917)
- Crawford (1904–1923)
- Crescent (1913–1914)36
- Crestmobile (1901–1905)
- Cricket Cyclecar Company (1913–1914)
- Criterion36
- Crompton (1902–1905)35
- Crosley (1939–1952)
- Crouch (1894–1900)35
- Crow-Elkhart (1911–1923)60
- Crowdus Electric (1899–1902)36
- Crown (1905–1907)36
- Crowther (1915–1917)36
Renamed to 'Crowther-Duryea' in 1917 - Croxton-Keeton (1909–1914)61
Renamed to 'Croxton' in 1911 - Cruiser (1917–1919)36
- Culver (1905)36
- Cunningham (1907–1936)36
- Cunningham Sports Cars (1951–1955)5
- Clark-Carter Automobile Co (1909–1913)
Renamed to Cutting Motor Car Company in 1911; defunct c. 1912; last model year 1913. - C.V.I. Motor Car Co (1907–1908)36
D
- Detroit Air-Cooled Car Company (1922–1923)
- Dagmar (1922–1927)
- Dale (1974)
- Daniels (1916–1924)62
- Dan Patch (1910–1911)63
- Darby Motor Car Company (1909–1910)64
- Darling (1901–1902)65
- Darrin (1946, 1955–1958)5
- Davenport (1902)12
- Davis (1908–1929)
- Davis Cyclecar Company (1914)
- Davis (1947–1949)5
- Davis Steam Car (1921)66
- Davis Totem (1921–1922)
- Dawson (1904)36
- Dawson Auto-Mobile (1899–1901)67
- Day Automobile Company (1911–1914)
- Dayton (1914)
- Dayton Cyclecar (1914) Dayton Cyclecar
- Dayton Electric (1911–1915)68
- Deal (1905–1911)69
- Decatur (1910–1911)70
- Decatur (1914–1915)71
- Decker (1902–1903)36
- Deere-Clark (1906; Deere 1907)72
- Deering Magnetic (1918–1919)36
- Defiance Motor Truck (1915–1920)/>
- De La Vergne (1895–1896)
- Delling (1924–1927)35
- Delmore (1921–1923)36
- DeLorean Motor Company (1975–1982)
- De Luxe Motor Car Company (1906–1908)
- De Mars Electric (1905–1906; Blakeslee Electric 1906; Williams Electric 1906–1907; Byrider Electric 1907–1910)2
- DeMot or DeMotCar (1910–1911)36
- De Motte (1904)
- Denneed (1916)2
- Derain (1908–1911)73
- Desberon (1901–1904)36
- De Schaum (1908–1909)
- Des Moines (1902)
- De Soto Motor Car Company (1913–1914)74
- DeSoto (1928–1961)75
- De Tamble (1908–1913)36
- Detroit Automobile Company (1899–1901)
- Detroit Automobile Manufacturing Company (1905)59
- Detroit Auto Vehicle Company (1904–1908)
- Detroit Cyclecar Company (1913–1914)36
- Detroit-Dearborn Motor Car Company (1910–1911)
- Detroit Electric (1907–1939)
- Detroiter (1912–1917)36
- Detroit-Oxford Motor Car Company (1905–1906)
- Detroit Steam Motors Corporation (1922)
- De Vaux-Hall Motors Company (1931–1932; Continental-De Vaux 1932)
- De Vaux Continental (1932–1934)
- DeWitt (1909–1910)
- Dewabout (1900–1901)36
- Dey Electric (1917–1919)36
- Dey Griswold (1895–1898)76
- Diamond (1914–1915)77
- Diamond T (1905–1967)
- Diana (1925–1928)
- Dile (1914–1917)
- Dingfelder Motor Company (1903)
- Disbrow (1917–1918)2
- Dispatch (1910)36
- Dixie (1908–1910)78
- Dixie (1916)36
- Dixie Flyer (1916–1923)36
- Doble steam car (1914–1918, 1922–1931)
- Dodge (A.M.) Company (1914–1915)
- Dodgeson Motors (1926)
- DODO (1912)22
- Dolson (J.L.) & Sons (1904–1907)
- Dorris Motors Corporation (1906–1926)
- Dort Motor Car Company (1915–1924)
- Douglas (1918–1919)36
- Downing Motor Company (1913–1915)2
- Dragon Automobile Company (1906–1908)
- Drake (1921–1922)36
- Drexel (1916–1917)36
- Driggs-Seabury (1915; Driggs 1921–1923)36
- Drummond (1916–1917)36
- Dual-Ghia (1956–1958)5
- Duck (Jackson model)79
- Dudly Tool Company (1913–1915)36
- Dudgeon Steam (1857, 1866)35
- Duer (1907–1910)36
- Duesenberg (1920–1937)
- Dumont80
- Dunn (1916–1918)36
- Duplex (1908–1909)36
- Du Pont (1919–1931)
- Duquesne (1904–1906)36
- Durant Motors (1921–1931)
- Durocar (1906–1911)36
- Duryea (1893–1917) First American automobile manufacturer
- Dyke (or St Louis) (1899–1901; Dyke-Britton 1904)81
- Dymaxion (1933)82
E
- Eagle (1905–1909)65
- Eagle (1988–1998)
- Eagle Cycle Car (1914–1918)
- Eagle Electric (1915–1916)36
- Eagle Rotary (1914–1915; Eagle-Macomber 1916–1918)36838485
- Earl Motors Incorporated (1907–1908)86
- Earl (1921–1923)
- Eastman (1898–1900)35
- Eastman (1901–1902)87
- Eaton Electric (1898–1900)88
- Eck36
- Eclipse Steam (1900–1903)35
- Economy (1916–1919; Economy-Vogue 1920; Vogue 1921–1922)36
- Eddy Electric (1900–1901)36
- Edsel (1958–1960)
- Edwards-Knight (1912–1913)36
- Edwards (1954–1955)5
- E.H.V. (see Compound)36
- Eichstaedt (1898–1902)36
- Eisenhuth (1904–1908)
'Compound' model - Elberg89
- Elberon (Columbia model)35
- Elbert (1914–1915)36
- Elcar (1915–1931)
- Elco (1915–1917)90
- Eldredge (1903–1906)
- Electra (1914–1915)36
- Electric Vehicle (1897–1907)
- Electronomic36
- Elgin (1916–1924)36
- Elite91
- Elite (1901–1902)35
- Elkhart (see Crow-Elkhart or Komet)92
- Elliott (1897–1899)92
- Ellis92
- Ellsworth (1907)92
- Elmore (1893–1912)
- El Morocco (1956–1957)5
- Emancipator (1909)92
- Emerson (1917)93
- E-M-F (1909–1912)92
'Wayne' model - Empire (1901–1902)
- Empire (1910–1919)
- Empire Steam Car (1925–1927)
- Empire Steamer (1899–1902)
- Empire Steamer (1904)
- Endurance Steam Car (1922–1924)
- Enger (1909–1917)94
- Engler (W.B.) Cyclecar Company (1914–1915)
- Entz (1914)92
- Erie (1899–1902)95
- Erskine (1927–1930)92
- Eshelman (1953–1961)
- Essex (1906)35
- Essex Motor Company (1919–1932)
- Etnyre (1910–1911)
- Euclid (1908)2
- Eureka (1900)
- Eureka (1907–1909)
- Evansville92
- Everitt (1909–1912)
- Everybody's (1907–1909)92
- Ewing (1908–1910)96
- Excalibur (1965–1997)
- Excel (1914)
F
- Fageol (1900, 1917)92
- Fal-Car (1909–1914)97
Also known as F.A.L. - Falcon Engineering Company (1907–1909)92
Unrelated to Ford Falcon - Falcon-Knight (1927–1929)92
- Famous (1908–1909)92
- Fanning (1901–1903)92
- Farmack (1915–1916)92
- Farner (1922–1923)92
- Faulkner-Blanchard (1910)
- Federal (1907–1909)92
- Federal Steam (1901–1902)35
- Fenton (1913–1914)92
Unrelated to Fenton Headers - Ferris (1920–1922)2
- Fey Touring (1897–1906)9899
- Fiberfab (1964–1983)
- Fidelia (1913–1914)2
- Field (1886, 1905)35
- Fina-Sport (1953–1954)
- Firestone-Columbus (1909–1915)92
- Fischer-Detroit (1914)
- Fisher (1901–1905)92
- Fisker Automotive (2007–2014)
- Fisker Inc. (2016–2024)100
- Flagler (1914)101
Based in Michigan - Flanders 20 (1910–1912)92
- Flanders Manufacturing Company (1912–1914)102
- Flanders (1913)
'Flanders Six' model - Flexbi (1904)92
- Flint (1923–1927)92
- Flyer Motor Car Company (1913–1914)
- Forest (1905–1906) Organized in Boston.103
- Forest City53 (1905103)
Manufactured as the Jewell beginning in 1906. Organized in Cleveland, Ohio, & named for the city nickname.103 - Forsyth (circa 1896) Franklin, Minnesota; only a prototype built.103
- Forth (1905)
New York company, one of two of the same name, organized by Clarence Forth. No cars built.104 - Forth (1910–1911)
Mansfield, Ohio, company, one of two of the same name, organized by Clarence Forth. Only one prototype car assembled; went bankrupt late 1911.105 - Fort Pitt92 (1908–1910, 1911)
Organized in New Kensington, Pennsylvania; moved to Pittsburgh 1911. Always known as the Pittsburgh Six106 - Foster (1889,1901–1904)35
- Fostoria (1906–1907)92
- Fournier-Searchmont107
- Fox (1921–1923)92
- Franklin (1902–1934)
- Frayer-Miller (1904–1910)92
- Frazer (1946–1951)
- Frederickson (1914)92
- Fredonia (1902–1904)
- Fremont (1920–1922)92
- Friedman Automobile Company (1900–1903)108
- Friend Motors Corporation (1920–1921)
- Fritchle Electric (1905–1920)92
- Frontenac (1906–1913)
- Frontenac Motor Corporation (1921–1925)92
- Frontmobile (1917–1918)92
- F.R.P. (1914–1916)92
- F.S. (1911–1912)92109
- Fuller (1908–1910)92
- F.W.D. (1910–1912)43
Based in Wisconsin
G
- Gabriel (1910–1920)110 Gabriel Auto Company
- Gadabout (1914–1916)
- Gaeth (1902–1911)
- Gage (1914–1915) Union Car Company
- Gale (1905–1907)111
- Galloway (1906–1920)112 William Galloway Company
- Gardner (1920–1931)
- Garford (1908, 1911–1913)92 Superior Coach Company
- Gary (1909) Gary Taxicab Company
- Gary Automobile Manufacturing Company (1914) Gary Automobile Manufacturing Company
- Gas-au-lec (1905–1906) Corwin Manufacturing Company
- Gaslight (1960–circa 1961)
- Gasmobile (1899–1902)
- Gatsby Coachworks (1979–1998) Gatsby Coachworks
- Gatts (1905) Gatts
- Gaylord Motor Car Company (1911–1913)
- Gaylord (1955–1956)
- Gladiator model
- Gearhart (1911–1912) Southern Motor Sales Company
- Gearless (1906–1909)113 Gearless Motor Car Company
- Gearless Steamer (1919–1923)35 Gearless Motor Corporation
- Gem Motor Car Company (1917–1919)
- GEM (1992–2022)
- General (1902–1904)110
- General Electric (1891–1898, 1902–1903)114
- General Electric (1898–1900)115
- General Motors Corporation (1908–2009)
- Geneva (1901–1904)116
- German-American (1902–1903)92
- Geo (1989–1997)
- Geronimo (1917–1920)92
- Ghent (1916–1918)92
- Gillette (1916)92
- Gillig (1890)
- G.J.G. (1909–1914)
- Glasspar (1949–1953)117
- Gleason (1909–1913)92
- Glide (1903–1920)92
- Globe Four (1921–1922)2
- Glover (1920–1921)92
- Golden Eagle (1906)118
- Graham-Paige (1928–1930; Graham 1930–1941)
- Gramm (1902)92
- Granite Falls92
- Grant (1913–1922)119
- Graves & Condon (1908–1910))92
- Gray Motor Corporation (1922–1926)
- Gray Light Car (1920)
- Great Eagle (1910–1918)
- Great Southern (1910–1914)
- Great Western (1910–1916)38
- Greenleaf Cycle Company (1902)
- GreenTech Automotive (2009–2018)
- Gregory (1920–1922)92
- Greyhound (1914–1916)12
- Grinnell Electric Car Company (1910–1915)
- Griswold Motor Car Company (1907)
- Grout (1900–1912)120
- Gurley (1899–1901)92
- G.V (1907)121
- Gyroscope (1908–1909)
H
- Haase (1902–1904)
- Hackett Motor Car Company (1916–1919)
- H.A.L. (1916–1918)2
- Hall (1903–1904)92
- Hall (1914–1915)
- Halladay (1905–1922)122
- Hamilton (1917)92
- Hamlin-Holmes (1919–1929; Hamlin 1930)92
- Hammer-Sommer (1902–1906)
Renamed to Hammer Motor Company for 1905–1906 - Handley Motors Incorporated (1921–1923; Handley 1923)92
- Hanger (1916)123
- Hanover (1921–1927)92
- Hanson (1918–1925)92
- Harding (1916–1917)124
- Hardy92
- Harper (1907–1908)92
- Harrie (1925)92
- Harris (1910)92
- Harrison Wagon Company (1905–1907; Harrison Motor Car Company 1907)
- Harroun Motor Sales Corporation (1917–1922)
- Harry S. Houpt Manufacturing Company: (See Houpt (1909); The "New Departure Manufacturing Company" (Bristol, Connecticut)125 forming of Houpt-Rockwell in 1910) Covered in the German Wikipedia126
- Hartley (1895–1899)35
- Hartman (1914–1918)92
- Harvard (1915–1921)127
- Harwood-Barley (1911–1915)128
- Hasbrouck (1900–1902)92
- Hatfield (1907–1908)129
- Hatfield (1916–1924)130
- Havers Motor Car Company (1908–1914)
- Hawk Cyclecar Company (1914)
- Hawkins Cyclecar (1914)131
Xenia model - Hawley (1906–1908)92
- Hay-Berg (1907–1908)132
- Haydock92
- Haynes-Apperson (1896–1905; Haynes 1904–1925)
- Hayward (1913)92
- H.C.S. (1920–1925)92
- Healey (circa 1905–circa 1916)92
- Heine-Velox (1903–1908, 1921–1923)
- Hendel (1903–1904)92
- Henderson (1912–1914)133
- Henney (1921–1931)92
- Henney (1960–1964)
- Henry Motor Car Company (1910–1912)
- Hercules (1914–1915)92
- Herff-Brooks (1915–1916)
- Herreshoff Motor Company (1909–1914)
- Hertel (1895–1900)92
- Hertz (1924–1927)92
- Heseltine (1916–1917)92
- Hewitt (1906–1907)134
- Hewitt (1905–1914) 135
- Hewitt-Lindstrom (1900–1901)
- Heymann (1898–1907)92
- Hidley Steam Car (1901)
- Highlander (1919–1922)92
- Hill (1904–1908)92
- Hines (1908–1910)92
- Hitchcock Motor Car Company (1909)
- Hobbie Accessible (1908–1909)
- Hoffman (1901–1904)136
- Hoffman (1931)
- Holden (1915)137
- Holland (1902–1903)35
- Holley (1900–1904)
- Hollier (1915–1921)
- Holly Six (1913–1915)138
- Holmes (1906–1907)93
- Holsman (1901–1911)
- Hol-Tan (1908)
- Holyoke (1899–1903)139
- Homer Laughlin (1916)92
- Hoosier Scout (1914)92
- Hoover (1913–1914)
- Hoskins (1920)92
- Houpt (1909; Houpt-Rockwell 1910)92
- House Steamer (1867)140
- Howard (1895–1903)139
- Howey (1907–1908)92
- Hudson Motor Car Company (1909–1957)
- Huffman (1919–1925)
- Hupp Motor Car Company (1909–1940)
- Hupp-Yeats Electric Car Company (1911–1919)
- Huron River Manufacturing Company (1911–1912)
- Hydromotor Car Manufacturing Company (1914–1917)92
I
- Ideal Electric Co. (1909-c1911)
- Illinois Electric (1897–1901)141
- Imp (1913–1914)92
- Imperial Motor Car Company (1907–1908)
- Imperial Automobile Company (1908–1916)92142
- Imperial (1955–1975, 1981–1983)
- Imperial Electric (1903–1904)92
- Independent Harvester (1910–1911)92
- Indiana (1901)12
- Indianapolis (see Black)92
- International (1899) (see Strathmore)143
- International (1899)144
- International (1900)145
- International Cyclecar Company (1914)36
'Economy' model - International Motor Cars (Apollo; 1962–1964)
- International Power Company (1900)144
- International (1901–1903)146
- International Cyclecar Company (1914)147
- International Harvester (1907–1980)
- Inter-State (1909–1919)92
- Iroquois (1903–1907)22
J
- Jackson Automobile Company (1903–1923)
- Jacquet Motor Corporation (1921)
- Jaeger Motor Car Company (1932–1933)
- James (1909–1911)92
- Janney Motor Company (1906)
- Jarvis-Huntington (1912)92
- Jaxon Steam (1903)148
- Jeffery (1902–1917)
- Jenkins (1907–1912)92
- Jersey City Machine Co. (1919–1920)
Argonne model - Jewell (1906–1907; Jewel 1908–1909)92
- Jewett (1922–1927)
- Johnson (1905–1912)149
- Jones (1914–1920)150
- Jones-Corbin (1903–1907)150151
- Jonz (1909–1912)150
- Jordan (1916–1931)
- J.P.L. Cyclecar Company (1913)152
- Julian (1918, 1925)150
- Junior R (1924)
K
- Kaiser-Frazer Corporation (1945–1955; Kaiser Motors 1951–1955)
- Kalamazoo (1908–1914)150
Michigan model - Kane-Pennington150
- Kansas City (1906–1908; Kansas City Wonder 1909)153
- Kato (1907–1913)150
- Kauffman (1909–1912)150
- K-D (1912–1913)150
- Kearns (1909–1916)150
- Keene Steamobile (1900–1901)35
- Keeton Motor Company (1912–1914)154
- Keller (1948–1950)5
- Kelsey (1897–1902, 1920–1924)155
- Kenmore (1910–1912)150
- Kensington (1899–1904)35
- Kent (1916–1917)150
- Kent's Pacemaker (1900)
- Kenworthy (1920–1921)150
- Kermath Motor Car Company (1907–1908)
- Kessler Motor Company (1920–1921; Kess-Line 8 1922)
- Keystone (1899–1900)
- Keystone (1900)156
- Keystone (1914–1915)
- Kiblinger (1907–1909)150
- Kidder (1899–1903)35
- Kimball Electric (1910–1912)150
- King (1896, 1911–1923)12
- King Midget (1947–1970)157
- King-Remick (1910)
- Kinner158
- Kirk (1901–1905)159
Yale model - Kissel (1906–1930)
- Kleiber (1924–1929)150160
- Kline Kar (1910–1923)150
- Klink (1907–1910)150
- Klock (1900–1901)150
- Knickerbocker (1901–1903)150
- Knox (1900–1914)
- Koehler (1910–1912)150
- Komet (1911)
- Konigslow150
- Koppin Motor Company (1914)
- Krastin Automobile Company (1901–1904), based in Cleveland161 Produced Krastin Gasoline Automobile (1901)
- K-R-I-T Motor Car Company (1909–1915)
- Krueger (1905–1906)150
- Kunz (1902–1905)162
- Kurtis (1949–1950, 1954–1955)
- Kurtz-Automatic (1920–1925)161
L
- Laconia (1914)150
- Lad's Car (1912–1914)
- LaFayette (1919–1924)150
- La Marne (1919–1921)161
- Lambert (1906–1917)
- Lancamobile (1900–1901)150
- Lane (1900–1911)148
- Lanpher (1906–1916)150
- Lansden Electric (1901–1903, 1906–1910)163
- La Petite (1905)150
- LaSalle (1927–1940)
- La Salle-Niagara (1905–1906)164
- Laurel (1916–1920)150
- Lauth (1905; Lauth-Juergens 1908–1909)150
- L. C. Erbes (1915–1916)150
- L & E (1924–1934)150
- Leach (1899–1901)140
- Leach (1920–1923; Leach-Biltwell))150
- Leader (1905–1912)150
- Lende (1902–1909)150
- Lenox (1911–1917)150
- Lenox Electric150
- Leon Rubay (1923)161
- Lescina (1916)150
- Lewis (1914–1916)165
- Lewis Motocycle (1895)166167
- Lexington (1909–1927)
- Liberty Motor Car Company (1916–1924)
- Light Steamer (1901–1902)168169
- Light Motor Car Company (1914)
- Lincoln (1912–1913)170 (see also Sears Roebuck)
- Lincoln Motor Car Company (1914)
- Lindsley (1908–1909)150
- Lion Motor Car Company (1909–1912)
- Liquid Air (1899–1902)
- Little Motor Car Company (1911–1913)
- Little Detroit Speedster (1913–1914)
- Littlemac (1930–1932)150
- Local Motors (2007–2022)
- Locke35
- Locomobile (1899–1929)
- Logan (1904–1908)150171
- Logan (1903–1908)
- Logan (cyclecars; 1914)172
- Lone Star (1919–1922)
- Longest (1906)150
- Loomis (1900–1904)35
- Lordstown Motors (2018–2023)
- Lorraine (1920–1922)150
- Los Angeles (1914)150
- Lowell-American (1908–1909)150
- Lozier Motor Company (1900–1918)173
- L.P.C.150
- LuLu (1914–1915)
- Luverne (1904–1917)
- Lyman (1904)150
- Lyman & Burnham (1903–1905)150
- Lyons-Knight (1913–1915)35
M
- Mackle-Thompson (1903)150
- Macomber (1913)150
- Macon (1915–1917)150
- Madison (1915–1919)150
- Magic150
- Mahoning (1904–1905)150
- Maibohm (1916–1922)150
- Malcolm (1900)150
- Malcolm Jones (or Malcolm) (1914–1915)
- Malden Steam (1898, 1902)174
- Manexall (1920)150
'Cyclomobile' model - Manistee Motor Car Company (1910–1913)150
Autoette model - Manta (1974–1986)
- Marathon (1906–1914)
- Marble-Swift (1903–1905)
- Marion (1901)
- Marion (1904–1915; Marion-Handley 1916–1918)
- Marion Flyer (1910)
- Marmon (1902–1933)
- Marlboro (1900–1903)150
- Marquette (1912)175
- Marquette (1930)
- Marr (1903–1904)
- Marsh (1920–1923)176
- Martin (1898–1900)150
- Martin Wasp150
- Marvel Motor Car Company (1907)
- Maryland (1907–1910)
- Maryland Steamer (1900–1901)
- Mason (1898–1899)35
- Mason (1906–1914)177
- Massillon (1909)150
- Master (1907)123
- Matheson Motor Car Company (1903–1912)
- Maxim Motor Tricycle (1895; Maxim-Goodridge Electric 1908)150
- Maxwell-Briscoe (1904–1913; Maxwell Motor Company 1913–1925)
- Mayer (1899–1901)150
- Mayfair (1925)150
- Maytag-Mason (1910–1911)178
- McCue (1909–1911)179
- McCurdy (1922)150
- McFarlan (1909–1928)
- McGill (1917)150
- McIntyre (1909–1915)150
- McKay Steamer (1899–1902)35
- Mecca (1915–1916)150
- Med-Bow150
- Media (1899–1900)150
- Mel Special (1918–1924)150
- Menominee Electric Manufacturing Company (1915)
- Mercer (1909–1919)
- Mercury Cyclecar Company (1913–1914)150
- Mercury (1939–2011)
- Merit Motor Company (1921–1922)161
- Merkel (1905–1907)180
- Merkur (1985–1989)
- Merz (1914)150
- Meteor (1904–1905)181
- Metropol (1913–1914)150
- Metropolitan (1922–1923)182
- Metz (1909–1921)183
- Metzger (see Everitt)150
- Michigan Automobile Company (1901)184
'Carter Steam' model - Michigan Automobile Company (1902)48
Later renamed Clipper Automobile Company - Michigan Automobile Company (1903–1908)
- Michigan Buggy Company (1908–1914)
- Michigan Steamer (1901)184
- Michigan Yacht and Power Co. (1904- ?) 185
- Middleby (1909–1913)150
- Midland (1908–1913)186
- Midwest150
- Mier (1908–1909)150
- Milac (1916)150
- Milburn Electric (1915–1923)150
- Miller Car Company (1911–1914)
- Mills (1876)35
- Milwaukee Steamer (1900–1902)174
- Minneapolis150
- Mino (1914)150
- Mitchell (1903–1923)187
- Mitchell-Lewis (see Mitchell)150
- Mobile (1900–1903)174
- Model (1903–1907)188
- Modoc (1912–1914)150
- Mohawk (1903–1905)150
- Moline189
- Moline (1904–1913; Moline-Knight 1914–1919)
- Moller (1920–1922)150
- Monarch Motor Car Company (1914–1917)
- Mondex-Magic (1914–1915)150
- Monitor (1915–1922)150
- Monroe Motor Company (1914–1923)12
- Moon (1905–1930)
- Mora Motor Car Company (1906–1911)2190
- Morgan (1900–1902)191
- Morris & Salom (1895–1897)
- Morriss-London (1919–1923)150
- Morse (1902)192
- Mosler Automotive (1985–2013)
- Motor Bob (1914)
- Motor Buggy (1908–1911)
- Motorcar Company (1905–1907; Cartercar 1905–1915)
- Motorette (1911–1914)150
- Moyea (1903–1904)150
- Moyer (1911–1915)150
- Mount Pleasant Motor Company (MPM) (1914–1915)150
- Mutual Motors Company (1916–1919)
- Mueller (1896–1899; also Mueller-Benz)193 (see Mueller Co., which was founded by the same person)
- Mueller Manufacturing Company (1893–1952) 194
- Multiplex (1912–1913)150
- Muncie150
'Warner' model - Muntz (1950–1954)195
- Murdaugh (1901–1903)150
- Murray Motor Car Company (1916–1921; Murray-Mac 1921–1929)150
N
- Nance (1910–1912)150196 Nance Motor Car Company
- Napier Motor Car Company of America (1904–1912)
- Napoleon (1916–1919)197
- Nash Motors (1917–1957)
- Nash-Healey (1951–1954)
- National (1900–1924)
- Nelson (E.A.) Motor Car Company (1917–1921)150
- Neustadt-Perry (1901–1908, 1915)150
Also known as Neustadt. - New England Steamer (1898–1899)174
- New Era (1901–1902)150
- New Era (1916)
- New Era (1933–1934)198
- New Home (1899–1901)150
- New York Car & Truck Company (1907–1910)
Allen Kingston model - Niagara (1903–1905)199
- Nichols Shepard (1910–1911)150
- Nielson Motor Car Company (1906–1907)200
- Noble (1902)161
- Noma (1919–1923)150
- Northern Manufacturing Company (1902–1908)201
- Northway (1921–1922)150172
- Northwestern150
'Haase' and Logan models - Norton (1901–1902)201202
- Norwalk Underslung (1910–1922)150203
- Nu-Klea Automobile Corporation (1959–1960)
- Nyberg (1911–1913)201
O
- Oakland Motor Car Company (1907–1931)
- Oakman-Hertel (1899–1900)59
- Ogren (1915–1917, 1919–1923)204
- Ohio (1900–1902) (see Packard)205
- Ohio (1909–1912)
- Ohio Electric Car Company (1910–1918)206
- Ohio Falls59
- Okey (1896–1907)59
- Oldsmobile (1897–2004)
- Olympian Motors Company (1917–1921)
- Omaha (1899)59
- Omar (see Browniekar)59
- Only (1909–1913)59
- Orient (1899–1908)
- Orlo (1904)
- Ormond Steamer (1904–1905)174
- Orr (1915)
- Orson (1910–1912)59
- Otto (1910–1911; Ottomobile 1912)59
- Otto-Kar (1902–1904)207
Also known as Ottokar - Otto-mobile (1899)59
- Overholt174
- Overland (1903–1926, 1939)
- O-We-Go (1914)
- Owen (1899–1901)208
- Owen Motor Car Company (1910–1911)
- Owen Magnetic (1915–1922)
- Owen Schoeneck59
- Owen Thomas (1908–1910)59
- Oxford (1900)174
P
- Paccar (1905)
- Pacific Motor Vehicle Company (1900–1904)59
- Packard (1895–1898)209
- Packard Motor Car Company (1899–1958)
- Paige-Detroit (1908–1911; Paige 1911–1928; Graham-Paige 1928–1930)
- Palmer (1905–1906)161
- Palmer-Singer (1908–1914)59
- Pan (1919–1921)59
- Panam (1902–1903)59
- Pan-American (1917–1922)59
- Paragon (1906)
- Parenti (1920–1922)59
- Parry (1910; New Parry 1911–1912)210
- Parsons Electric (1905–1906)161
- Partin (1913; Partin-Palmer 1913–1917)211
- Paterson (W. A.) Company (1909–1923)
- Pathfinder (1912–1917)59
- Pawtucket (1901–1902)174
- Payne-Modern (1907–1908)59
- Peerless (1900–1933)
- Peerless Steam (1901)212
- Pence Automobile Company (circa 1905)213
- Penn (1901)214
- Penn (1908)214
- Penn (1910–1913)214
- Pennant (1924–1925)
- Pennington (1894–1900)215
- Pennsy (1916–1918)59
- Pennsylvania (1907–1911)12
- People's (1900–1902)216
- Perfection (1907–1908)59
- Perfex (1912–1913)59
- Peter Pan (1914–1915)79
- Petrel (1909–1912)217218 Petrel Motor Car Company
- Phelps (1903–1905)
- Phianna (1917–1922)59
- Phillips (1980–198?)219
- Phipps-Grinnell (1911; Phipps Electric 1912)59
- Pickard (1909–1912)59
- Piedmont (1917–1922)
- Pierce-Arrow (1900–1938)
- Pierce-Racine (1904–1911)162
- Piggins (1908–1910)
- Pilgrim (1911)
- Pilgrim Motor Car Company (1915–1918)
- Pilliod (1915–1916)59
- Pilot (1909–1924)59
- Pioneer (1907–1912)59
- Planche59
- Plass (1897)
- Playboy (1947–1951)
- Plymouth (1910)59
- Plymouth (1928–2001)59
- Pneumobile (1914–1915)59
- Pomeroy (1920–1924)207
- Ponder (1923)59
Renamed from Bour-Davis - Pontiac Spring and Wagon Works (1907–1908)220
- Pontiac (1926–2010)
- Pope-Hartford (1904–1914)59
- Pope-Robinson (1903–1904)
- Pope-Toledo (1903–1909)
- Pope-Tribune (1904–1908)59
- Pope-Waverley (1903–1908)
- Port Huron59
Havers model - Porter (1900–1901)221
- Porter (1919–1922)222
- Portland (1914)59
- Postal (1906–1908)59
- Powell (1930s–1960s)
- Powell (1955–1956)223
- Powercar (1909–1911)59
- Pratt-Elkhart (1909–1911; Pratt 1911–1915)59
- Premier (1902–1926)
- Premocar (1920–1923)59
- Prescott (1901–1905)174
- Primo (1910–1912)59
- Princess Motor Car Company (1914–1918)59
- Princess Cyclecar Company (1913–1914)
- Prospect (1902, 1907–1908)59
- Pullman (1905–1917)12
- Pungs Finch (1904–1910)
- Puritan (1902–1905)35
Q
R
- Railsbach (1914)59
- Rainier (1905–1911)59
- Raleigh (1921–1922)59
- Rambler (1900–1914)
- Rambler (1958–1969)
- Randall (1902–1903)59
- Ranger (1907–1910)224
- Rapid Motor Vehicle Company (1902–1909)59
- Rauch & Lang (1905–1932)59225
Also known as Raulang. - Rayfield (1911–1915)
- R.C.H (1912–1915)59226
- Read Motor Company (1913–1914)227
- Reading (1910–1913)228
- Reading Steamer (1901–1903)35
- Real Cyclecar (1914; Real Light Car 1914–1915)59
- Reber (1902–1903)
- Red Bug (1924–1930)229
- Red Jacket (1904–1905)59
- Rees (1921)59
- Reeves (1896–1898, 1905–1912)230
- Regal Motor Car Company (1908–1918)59
- Regas (1903–1905)59
- Reliable Dayton (1906–1909)59
- Reliance Automobile Manufacturing Co (1904–1906)59
- Remington (1895, 1900–1904)231
- REO Motor Car Company (1905–1975)
- Renaissance Cars Inc (1994–1997)232
Also known as Zebra Motors Inc. - Republic (1910–1916)59
- ReVere (1918–1926)59
- Rex Motor Co (1914)59
- RiChard (1914–1919)207
- Richelieu (1922–1923)59
- Richmond (1902–1903)
- Richmond (1904–1917)59
- Rickenbacker Motor Company (1922–1927)
- Ricketts Automobile Co (1909–1911)59
- Riddle (1916–1926)59
- Rider-Lewis (1908–1911)59
- Riker Electric (1897–1902)59
- Ritz (1914–1915)59
- Riviera (1907)59
- R-O59
- Roader (1911–1912)59
- Roamer (1916–1929)59
- Robe (1914–1915)22
- Robie Motor Car Co (1914)
- Robinson (1900–1902)59
- Robson (1909)59
- Rochester (1901)233
- Rock Falls (1919–1925)59
- Rockne (1932–1933)59
- Rockway (1910–1911)59
- Rockwell (1910–1911)59
- Rodgers (1921)59
- Roebling-Planche (1909)59
- Rogers (1899–1900)234
Steamobile model - Rogers Motor Car Co (1911–1912)235
- Rogers & Hanford (1899–1902)161
- Rollin (1924–1927)161
- Rolls-Royce (1921–1935)59236
- Roosevelt (1929–1930)
- Roper (1860–1896)59
- Ross Steamer (1905–1909)
- Ross (1915–1918)
- Rotary (1921–1923)59
- Royal Motor Company (1904–1911)161
'Tourist' model - Rubay59
- Rugby (1920s)
- Rushmobile59
- Russell (1903–1904)161
- Rutenber (1902)
- Ruxton (1929–1930)
- R&V Knight (1920–1924)59
S
- Saginaw (1914)59
- Saginaw Eight (1916)237
- Salisbury (1895)166238
- Salter (1909–1915)59
- Salvador (1914; S-J-R 1915–1916)59
- Sampson (1904, 1911)
- Sandusky (1902–1904)59
- Santos Dumont (1902–1904)239
- Saturn (1991–2010)
- Saxon Motor Car Company (1913–1923)
- Sayers (1917–1924)59
- Schacht (1904–1913)
- Schaum (1901–1905)59
- Schoening (1895)166240
'Kerosine Carriage' model - Scott (1900–1901, 1903)59
- Scott-Newcomb (1920–1921)35
Standard Steam Car model - Scripps-Booth Corporation (1913–1923)
- Searchmont (1900–1903)107
- Sears (1905–1915)241
- Sebring (1910–1912)242
- Sekine (1923)59
- Selden (1907–1914)
- Sellers (1909–1912)59
- Senator (1912)59
- Seneca (1917–1924)59
- Serpentina (1915)59
- Serrifile (1921–1922)59
- Seven Little Buffaloes (1909)243
- Severin (1920–1921)59
- S.G.V. (1911–1915)59
- Shad-Wyck (1917–1923)
- Shain59
- Sharon (1915)59
- Sharp (1908–1910)244
'Arrow' model - Shawmobile (1908–1930)
- Shawmut (1906–1908)59
- Shay (1979–1982)245
- Shelby (1903)59
- Sheridan (1920–1921)59
- Shoemaker (1906–1908)59
- Sibley (1910–1911)59
- Signet (1913–1914)59 'Fenton' model
- Silent-Knight (1905–1907)59
- Silent Sioux59
'Fawick Flyer' model - Silver-Knight59
'Silver' model - Simplex (1907–1919)59
- Simplicity (1907–1911)59
- Simplo (1908–1909)
- Sinclair-Scott (1904–circa 1907)
- Singer (1914–1920)59
- Single Center (1906–1908)
- Sintz (1899–1904)
- Skelton (1920–1922)59
- Skene (1900–1901)
- Skorpion (1952–1954)5
- S&M (1913)59
- Small Motor Car Company (1910)
- Smith Automobile Company (1902–1917)
Renamed to Great Smith for 1907–1911 - Smith & Mabley59
Also known as S&M Simplex - Smith Flyer (1915–1919)
- Snyder (1908–1909)59
- Sommer (1904–1905)59
- Soules Motor Car Company (1905–1908)
- Southern (1908–1909)59
- Southern Motor Car Co (1908–1910)246247
'Dixie Junior' and 'Dixie Tourist' models. - Sovereign (1906–1907)59
- Spacke (1919)3
- Spaulding (1902–1903)
- Spaulding (1910–1916)3
- Speedway (1904–1905)3
- Speedwell (1907–1914)
- Spencer (1921–1922)248
- Spencer Steamer (1862, 1901–1902)249
- Sphinx (1914–1916)3
- Spoerer (1908–1914)3250
- Springer (1903–1905)3
- Springfield (1900–1901)35
Steam cars - Springfield (1903–1905)
- Sprite (1914)3
- Squier (1899)35
- Stafford (1908–1915)3
- Stammobile (1900–1901)3
- Standard (1904–1908)
- Standard (1912–1923)
- Standard Six (1909–1910)
- Standard Steel Car Company (1912–1923)3
- Standard Electrique (1911–1915)3
Also known as Standard Electric - Standard Steam Car (1920–1921)251
- Stanley (1907–1910)252
- Stanley Steamer (1897–1927)
- Stanley Whitney (1899)3
- Stanton (1900–1901)35
- Stanwood (1920–1922)
- Star (1908–1909)3
- Star (1922–1928)3
- Starin (1903–1904)3
- States (1916–1918)3
- Staver (1907–1914)
- Steamobile (1900–1902)
- Stearns (1898–1911)
Became Stearns-Knight for 1912–1929. - Stearns Electric (1899–1903)253
Renamed to Stearns Steamer for 1901–1903 - Steco (1914)3
- Steel Swallow (1907–1908)3
- Stephens (1917–1924)3
- Sterling Steamer (1901–1902)254255
- Sterling (1909–1911)256
- Sterling (1915–1916)257
- Sterling-Knight (1920–1926)3
- Stevens-Duryea (1901–1915,1919–1927)
- Stewart-Coats (1922)
- Stickney Motorette (1914)3
- Stilson (1907–1909)3
- St. Joe (1908)3
- St. Louis (1899–1907)3
- Stoddard-Dayton (1904–1913)
- Storck Steamer (1901–1902)35
- Storms Electric (1915)3
- Stout Motor Car Company (1932–1946)
- Strathmore (1899–1901)35
- Stratton (1909)3
- Streator (1905–1911)
Originally called Erie Motor Carriage Co.
Halladay model. - Stringer (1899–1902)35
- Strobel & Martin3
- Strong & Rogers Electric (1900–1901)161
- Strouse35
Also known as S.R.K. - Studebaker (1902–1963)258
- Studebaker-Garford (1903–1911)35
- Studebaker-Packard Corporation (1954–1962)
- Studillac (1953–1955)259
- Sturges Electric260
- Sturtevant (1905–1907)35
- Stutz Motor Car Company (1911–1935)
- Stutz Motor Car of America (1968–1987)
- Stuyvesant (1911–1912)161
- Suburban (1911–1912)261
- Success (1906–1909)262
- Sultan (1908–1912)3
- Summit (1907–1909)263
- Sun (1916–1917, 1921–1922)
- Sunset (1900–1913)3
- Synnestvedt Electric (1904–1905)3
- Syracuse (1899–1903)3
T
- Tarkington (1922–1923)3
- Taunton (1901–1903)35
Steam cars - Templar (1917–1924)264
- Templeton-Dubrie (1910)3
- Terraplane (1932–1939)
- Terwilliger (1904)35
Empire Steamer model - Texan (1920–1922)265
- Thomas (1902–1919)266
- Thomas-Detroit (1906–1908)3
- Thompson (1901–1907)35
Steam cars - Thresher Electric (1900)3
- Tiffany Electric (1913–1914)3
- Tiger (1914–1915)3
- Tincher (1903–1909)267
- Tinker & Piper Steam (1899)268
- Tinkham (1898–1899)3
- Toledo (1901–1903)269
- Tonawanda3
- Torbensen (1902–1906)3
- Touraine (1912–1916)3
- Tourist (1902–1910)3
- Tractmobile (1900–1902)35
- Trask-Detroit (1922–1923)35
- Traveler (1907–1908)3
- Trebert (1907–1908)3
- Trimoto (1900–1901)3
Also known as Tri-Motor - Trinity Steamer35
- Triumph (1907–1912)270
- Trumbull (1914–1915)3
- Tucker (1946–1949)
- Tulsa (1918–1922)3
- Twentieth Century Motor Car Corporation (1974–1978)
- Twin City (1914)3
- Twombly (1913–1915)
- Twyford (1899–1902, 1904–1907)3
U
- US Automobile (1899–1901)
- Union (1902–1905)
- Union Sales Company (1911–1912) 271
- United (1919–1920)3
- United States (1899–1903)3
Electric cars - United States Long Distance3
- Unito (1908–1910)161
- Universal (1914)3
- Upton Machine Company (1902–1903)3
- Upton Motor Company (1905–1907)
V
- Van (1911–1912)3
- Van Wagoner (1899–1903)
- Vaughn (1909)3
- V.E. (1901–1906)1213
Also known as V.E.C. Electric - Vector (1971–1999, 2006–2010)
- Velie (1908–1929)
- Vernon (Able 8; 1918–1921)3
- Victor (1905–1911)272273
- Victor Page Motors Corp (1921–1924)10274
- Victor Steamer (1899–1903)35
Previously Overman Steam (1895–1898) - Victormobile (1900–1901)275
'Steamer' model - Victory (1920–1921)3
- Viking (1907–1908)3
- Viking (1929–1931)3
- Virginian (1911–1912)
- Vixen (1914–1916)162
- Vulcan (1913–1915)276
W
- Waco (1915–1917)3
- Wagenhals (1910–1915)3
- Wahl (1913–1914)277
- Waldron (1908–1911)3
- Walker Motor Car Company (1905–1906)3
- Wall (1900–1903)3
- Walter (1902–1909)3(1905–1909) 278
- Waltham Steam (1898–1902)174
- Waltham Manufacturing Co (1899–1910)3
'Orient' model - Walworth (1904–1905)3
- Ward (1913–1914)279
- Ward Electric (1914–1916)280
- Ware Steam Wagon (1861–1867)
- Warren (1910–1913)3
- Warwick (1901–1905)3
- Washington (1921–1924)
- Wasp (1919–1924)3
- Waterloo (1903–1905)3
- Watrous (1905)3
- Watt (1910)3
- Waukesha (1906–1910)3
- Waverley Electric (1898–1903, 1909–1916)3
- Webb Jay (1908)35
- Weidely Motor Company (1915–1917)
- Welch Motor Car Company (1901–1911)3
- Westcott (1909–1925)
- Westfield (1901–1903)35
- W.F.S. (1911–1912)3
- Whaley-Henriette (1898–1900)3
- Wharton (1922–1923)3
- Wheeler Manufacturing Company (1904)
- Whippet (1927–1931)12
- White Motor Company (1900–1918)3
- White Star (1909–1911)3
- Whiting Motor Car Co (1910–1912)3281
- Whitmore, M.C. Co (1914)
Arrow Cyclecar model - Whitney (1896–1900)3
- Wilcox (1909–1910)3
- Wildman (1902)3
- Wills (C. H.) and Company (1921–1927)
- Willys (1916–1918, 1930–1942, 1953–1963)
- Willys-Knight (1914–1933)
- Willys-Overland (1912–1953)
- Wilson (1903–1905)
- Windsor (1929–1930)
- Wing (1922)3
- Winther (1921–1923)3
- Winton (1896–1924)
- Wolfe (1907–1909)3
- Wolverine (1904–1906,1927–1928)3
- Woodill (1952–1956)
- Woodruff (1902–1904)3
- Woods Electric (1899–1916)2823
Renamed to Woods Dual Power for 1917–1918 - Woods Mobilette (1913–1916)3
- Worth (J.M.) Gas Engine Manufacturing Co (1902)283
- Worth (1906–1910)3283
X
Y
Z
See also
See also
Notes
Notes
- Kimes and Clark, p. 11
- Clymer, Floyd. Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877–1925 (New York: Bonanza Books, 1950), p. 190.
- Clymer, p. 210.
- Clymer, p. 205; Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 18
- Flory, J. "Kelly", Jr. American Cars 1946–1959 (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Coy, 2008), p. 1016.
- "Allen Touring Car 37 Fiche Info 1916". www.plandegraissage.org. Retrieved May 10, 2019.
- "The Allen Automobile & The Allen Iron & Steel Company". american-automobiles.com. Retrieved May 10, 2019.
- "Flyer". www.bessermuseum.org. Retrieved May 10, 2019.
- Kimes, p. 29
- Clymer, p. 205.
- "Another Flash In The Pan….The Shaw". www.theoldmotor.com. July 20, 2011. Retrieved May 10, 2019.
- Clymer, p. 170.
- "American Motor Company". Horseless vehicles, automobiles, motor cycles operated by steam, hydro-carbon, electric and pneumatic motors : a practical treatise for ... everyone interested in the development, use and care of the automobile, including a special chapter on how to build an electric cab, with detail drawings / by Gardner D. Hiscox. January 1, 1900. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
- "The American Automobile & The American Motors Corporation". www.american-automobiles.com. Retrieved May 10, 2019.
- Clymer, p. 31.
- "F.A. Ames Co., Ames Body Corp., Ames Speedster, Ames Buggy Co., Carriage Woodstock Co., Ford Model T, Ames Motor Car Co". www.coachbuilt.com. Retrieved May 10, 2019.
- Kimes, p. 47
- "Anderson Carriage Manufacturing Co". Michigan manufacturer & financial record v.2 no.33 1910. January 1, 1910. Retrieved December 21, 2025.
- "Anderson Carriage Manufacturing Co". Michigan manufacturer & financial record v.2 no.33 1910. January 1, 1910. Retrieved December 21, 2025.
- "Anderson Carriage Manufacturing Co". Michigan manufacturer & financial record v.2 no.33 1910. January 1, 1910. Retrieved December 21, 2025.
- Clymer, p. 205; Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 19
- Clymer, pp. 170-171.
- Kimes, p. 50
- Kimes, p. 57
- Clymer, pp. 23, 205.
- Kimes, p. 74
- Clymer, pp. 178, 205.
- Clymer, pp. 153, 205.
- Clymer, pp. 190, 205.
- Clymer, pp. 38, 205.
- "Beggs Model 7-R". Cycle and automobile trade journal v. 25 (Apr.-June 1921). June 1, 1921. Retrieved December 6, 2025.
- Clymer, p. 193.
- Clymer, p. 115.
- Clymer, pp. 5, 61, 205.
- Clymer, p. 23.
- Clymer, p. 206.
- Clymer, pp. 5, 190.
- Clymer, p. 178.
- Suman-Hreblay, Marián (2000). Automobile Manufacturers Worldwide Registry. McFarland. p. 56. ISBN 9781476611402. Retrieved February 4, 2018.
- Clymer, pp. 16, 170, 206.
- Clymer, pp. 23, 206. One of three companies by this name.
- "Canoo Files for Bankruptcy, Ending Its Dream of Funky EV Vans". Retrieved February 26, 2025.
- Clymer, p. 153.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 252
- Clymer, pp. 22, 178.
- Clymer, pp. 25, 206.
- Clymer, p. 178. Built in Little Rock, Arkansas.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 331
- Clipper Division, Studebaker-Packard Corp.; Packard, A History of the Motor Car and the Company (General edition), Beverly Rae Kimes, editor (1978), "Automobile Quarterly", ISBN 0-915038-11-0
- Triumph and Tragedy: The Last Real Packards by Richard M. Langworth, in Collectible Automobile, September 1984 issue; pp. 6-25; (ISSN 0742-812X)
- Clymer, p. 87.
- Clymer, p. 104.
- Clymer, p. 63.
- Clymer, p. 145.
- Clymer, p. 67.
- "Electric car for the average Joe not far away". Wheels.ca. September 14, 2012. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 357
- Clymer, p. 158.
- Clymer, p. 209.
- Clymer, pp. 170, 206.
- Clymer, pp. 190, 206.
- Clymer, pp. 158, 206. One of two companies by this name.
- Clymer, p. 178. Named for the horse, built in Minneapolis.
- Clymer, p. 93. Built in St. Louis, Missouri.
- Clymer, pp. 5, 206.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 403
- Kimes & Clark 1985, pp. 403–404
- Kimes & Clark 1985, pp. 404–405
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 405
- Kimes & Clark 1985, pp. 405–406
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 406
- Clymer, p. 206. Distinct from the tractor.
- Clymer, pp. 190, 206. Built in Cleveland.
- Clymer, p. 178. Built in Indiana. Distinct from DeSoto.
- Clymer, p. 178. Distinct from DeSoto Motor Car Company.
- Clymer, pp. 38, 205. Offered an electric phaeton before 1916.
- Clymer, p. 206. Distinct from Diamond T.
- Clymer, p. 206. Tourist was a model.
- Clymer, p. 5.
- Clymer, p. 206. By Alberto Santos-Dumont
- Clymer, p. 206. Founder was later the author of Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia.
- Conceived by Buckminster Fuller.
- "Eagle-Macomber". Gas review v.8(1915). March 1, 1915. Retrieved April 2, 2026.
- "Eagle-Macomber". Gas review v.8(1915). March 1, 1915. Retrieved April 2, 2026.
- "Eagle-Macomber". Gas review v.8(1915). March 1, 1915. Retrieved April 2, 2026.
- Clymer, p. 153. Built in Wisconsin, distinct from the Michigan company.
- Clymer, p. 190. Steam and electric cars, built in Cleveland.
- Clymer, p. 206. No connection to Eaton's.
- Clymer, p. 38.
- Clymer, p. 206. No connection to Electric Launch Company.
- Clymer, pp. 23, 207. Johnson model. Distinct from the Elite steam automobile company.
- Clymer, p. 207.
- Clymer, pp. 170–171, 207.
- Clymer, p. 104. Built in Cincinnati, Ohio.
- Clymer, p. 207. Later Halladay or Streator, eventually Barley.
- Clymer, p. 190. Car and truck maker, based in Cleveland.
- Clymer, p. 104. Built in Chicago.
- "Early American Automobiles 1904 Models". Retrieved October 5, 2014.
- Scriven, Hayes (March 19, 2008). "Northfield, a town with a past" (PDF). p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 4, 2012.
- "Fisker's final drive: bankruptcy judge clears liquidation path, but SEC investigation looms large". Retrieved February 26, 2025.
- Clymer, p. 166.
- Clymer, p. 40.
- Kimes and Clark, Standard Catalog, p. 574.
- Kimes and Clark, Standard Catalog, p. 574. Not counting the Blair-Forth, of 1908.
- Kimes and Clark, Standard Catalog, pp. 574-575. Not counting the Blair-Forth, of 1908.
- Kimes and Clark, Standard Catalog, p. 575.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 1289
- Clymer, p. 16.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 593
- Clymer, p. 190. Cars and trucks, built in Cleveland.
- Clymer, p. 51.
- Kimes and Clark (1996), p. 625.
- Clymer, p. 207. Distinct from the Gearless steamer.
- Made by the multinational as experimental models.
- Clymer, p. 207. Distinct from the multinational.
- Clymer, pp. 23, 190. Gasoline and steam.
- Flory, p. 1016, credits them only for 1950.
- Clymer, p. 207. Supposedly from Atlanta, Georgia.
- Clymer, p. 190. Cars and trucks, built in Cleveland 1916–1922.
- Clymer, pp. 14, 22.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 1447
- Clymer, p. 207. One of two companies by this name.
- Clymer, p. 190. Truck maker, based in Cleveland.
- Clymer, pp. 170, 190.
- Schwarzkopf, E.E. (1910). Automobile Topics. Vol. 19. p. 1456. Retrieved December 5, 2019. (Google books)
- Sherron, Chas. B. (1907). American Vehicle: Devoted to the Interests of the Vehicle and Accessory Trades. Vol. 20. p. 26. Retrieved December 5, 2019. Google books: (Automobile Notes)
- Clymer, p. 170. No relation to the school.
- "Indiana Truck History Report". Archived from the original on July 25, 2015. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, pp. 652, 761
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 682 Distinct from Hatfield Motor Vehicle Company and the Hatfield Company truck manufacturer.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 1524
- Clymer, p. 23. An air-cooled, built in Wisconsin, sold for US$2000.
- Clymer, p. 112.
- Clymer, p. 207. Distinct from Hewitt-Lindstrom.
- "Hewitt". Hand book of automobiles (1906). January 15, 1906. Retrieved March 10, 2025.
- Clymer, pp. 23, 190. Steam and gasoline, based in Cleveland.
- Distinct from the Australian company.
- Clymer, p. 207. Distinct from Holley.
- Clymer, pp. 23, 207.
- Clymer, pp. 5, 23.
- Clymer, pp. 170, 207.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 742
- Kimes & Clark 1985, pp. 769, 1407 In Boston.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 769 In New York City.
- Clymer, p. 207; Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 769
- Clymer, p. 23; Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 769. In Toledo, Ohio.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 769 In Buffalo, New York.
- Clymer, pp. 18, 23.
- Clymer, pp. 23, 153. Built in Wisconsin.
- Clymer, p. 208.
- "Jones-Corbin". Cycle and automobile trade journal v. 7 (Jan.-Mar. 1903). January 1, 1903. Retrieved December 8, 2025.
- Clymer, p. 208. Not to be confused with Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
- Clymer, p. 53. Also sold commercial vans of 1, 2, 3, & 6 tons.
- Clymer, p. 131.
- Clymer, p. 208. One of three companies by this name.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 769
- Flory, pp. 1011–12.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 774
- Clymer, p. 158. Based in Toledo, Ohio.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 782
- Clymer, p. 190. Based in Cleveland.
- Clymer, p. 153. Built in Wisconsin.
- Clymer, p. 208. Electrette was a model.
- Clymer, p. 208. Distinct from LaSalle.
- Clymer, p. 208. Distinct from Lewis Motocycle.
- Horseless Age 1895.
- Clymer, p. 8. A four-wheeler, despite the name.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 828
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 635
- Clymer, p. 90. Before 1912, the cars were called Sears.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, pp. 859–860
- Kimes & Clark 1975, p. 1004
- began with steam autos
- Clymer, p. 22.
- Standard Catalogue of American Cars, p. 890
- Clymer, pp. 190, 208. Based in Cleveland.
- Clymer, p. 208. Distinct from the Mason steamer.
- Clymer, p. 93. Built in Waterloo, Iowa.
- Clymer, p. 84.
- Clymer, p. 153. Built in Wisconsin by Joe Merkel, who later built the Merkel Motorcycle.
- Clymer, p. 23. Distinct from the Meteor steamer and the Ford division.
- Clymer, p. 208. Distinct from the Nash
- Clymer, p. 145. Built in Waltham, Massachusetts.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 929
- "Michigan Yacht and Power Co". The Motor world v.7 1903/04. January 28, 1904. Retrieved October 27, 2025.
- Clymer, p. 93. Built in Moline, Illinois.
- Clymer, pp. 36, 153. Built in Racine, Wisconsin.
- Clymer, p. 57.
- Clymer, p. 208. One of two companies by this name, distinct from Moline-Knight.
- "Mora Motor Car Company". Motor age v.17 1910 Jan-Jun. January 1, 1910. Retrieved January 8, 2026.
- Clymer, p. 208. Not to be confused with Moggie.
- Clymer, pp. 22. 208.
- Lewis, Mary Beth. "Ten Best First Facts", in Car and Driver, 1/88, p. 92.
- "Mueller Manufacturing Company". Horseless vehicles, automobiles, motor cycles operated by steam, hydro-carbon, electric and pneumatic motors : a practical treatise for ... everyone interested in the development, use and care of the automobile, including a special chapter on how to build an electric cab, with detail drawings / by Gardner D. Hiscox. January 1, 1900. Retrieved March 15, 2025.
- Flory, p. 1016, dates it to 1950.
- "Nance Touraine". Cycle and automobile trade journal v. 16 (Jan.-Mar. 1912). January 15, 1912. Retrieved March 7, 2026 – via hathitrust.
- Clymer, pp. 170, 178. Built in Traverse City, Michigan.
- Not to be confused with the producers of the Ruxton.
- Clymer, pp. 170–171, 208.
- Clymer, p. 208. Often misspelled as Neilson.
- Kimes & Clark 1975, p. 1003
- Clymer, p. 208. Not to be confused with the motorcycle.
- Kimes & Clark 1975, p. 1005
- Clymer, p. 153. Built in Milwaukee.
- Catalog of American Cars 1805–1945 (1985), p. 1013
- Clymer, pp. 170, 209.
- Clymer, pp. 190, 209. Based in Cleveland.
- Clymer, pp. 190, 209. Based in Cleveland. Distinct from Owen Magnetic.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 1063 Built in Salem, Mass.; 1 gasoline & 2 electric cars
- Clymer, p. 102. Built in Indianapolis, Indiana.
- Clymer, p. 151. Built in Chicago.
- Standard Catalogue of American Cars, p. 1125
- Clymer, p. 42.
- Standard Catalogue of American Cars, p. 1126
- Clymer, pp. 6, 153.
- Clymer, pp. 5, 178, 190. Cars and trucks, built in Cleveland.
- Clymer, p. 153. Friction-drive, built in Wisconsin.
- "Petrel". Cycle and automobile trade journal v. 16 (Jan.-Mar. 1912). January 15, 1912. Retrieved March 6, 2026.
- Freund, Klaus, ed. (August 1981). Auto Katalog 1982 (in German). Vol. 25. Stuttgart: Vereinigte Motor-Verlage GmbH & Co. KG. p. 165.
- Clymer, p. 209. Distinct from the GM division.
- Clymer, pp. 13, 23.
- Clymer, p. 209. Distinct from Porter Motor Company.
- Flory, p. 1016. Distinct from Powell Manufacturing Company?
- Clymer, p. 209. Distinct from the pickup.
- Clymer, p. 190. Cars & trucks, based in Cleveland.
- "R.C.H." Cycle and automobile trade journal v. 16 (Jan.-Mar. 1912). January 15, 1912. Retrieved March 3, 2026.
- Clymer, p. 149.
- Clymer, p. 209. Distinct from Reading Steamer.
- Clymer, p. 209. Said to be the cheapest car ever built.
- Clymer, pp. 122-124. Producer of four-axle Octoauto and twin rear axle Sextoauto in Columbus, Indiana.
- Clymer, p. 209. 1895 car produced by Remington Arms Company.
- "Renaissance Cars Inc. / Zebra Motors Inc". Retrieved September 3, 2014.
- Clymer, pp. 22, 209.
- Clymer, pp. 23, 209.
- Clymer, p. 209. Distinct from Rogers Steamobile. One of three companies by this name.
- Rolls-Royce
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 1273
- Clymer, p. 8. A tricycle.
- Clymer, p. 209. Also known as Dumont.
- Clymer, p. 8.
- Clymer, pp. 90, 209.
- Clymer, p. 209. Distinct from Chrysler Sebring.
- Clymer, p. 5. Built in Buffalo, New York.
- Clymer, p. 88. Built by William H. Sharp.
- "Shay Model A Roadster". shayhistory.com. Archived from the original on March 23, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2018.
- Dixie Junior and Dixie Tourist (1908-1910- Retrieved October 28, 2018
- The Horseless Age: The Automobile Trade Magazine, Volume 22- Retrieved October 28, 2018
- Clymer, p. 210. Unrelated to the steam car company.
- Clymer, pp. 23, 210.
- "Spoerer". Cycle and automobile trade journal v. 16 (Jan.-Mar. 1912). January 15, 1912. Retrieved March 7, 2026 – via hathitrust.
- Clymer, p. 210. One of two companies with this name.
- Clymer, p. 210. Distinct from Stanley Motor Carriage Company.
- Clymer, p. 210. Distinct from Stearns (automobile).
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 512
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 1351
- Clymer, p. 210. One of three companies by this name.
- Clymer, pp. 23, 210. Steam cars. One of three companies by this name.
- Production was continued in Canada until 1966.
- Flory, p. 1016. Fitting Cadillac V8s into Studebakers was common in the 1950s, under the nickname Studillac, as well as into Fords as Fordillacs; it appears Flory has mistaken it.
- Clymer, pp. 38, 210.
- Clymer, p. 210. Not to be confused with models from Dodge, Plymouth, Studebaker, Nash Motors, Chevrolet, or GMC.
- Clymer, p. 52.
- Clymer, p. 210. Unrelated to Summit Racing Equipment.
- Clymer, p. 190, locates them in Cleveland.
- Clymer, pp. 170, 210.
- Kimes & Clark 1985, pp. 1417–1419
- Kimes & Clark 1985, pp. 1423–1424
- Kimes & Clark 1985, pp. 1463, 45
- Clymer, p. 22; Kimes & Clark 1985, pp. 769, 1472
- Clymer, p. 210. Unrelated to Triumph Motor Company sportscars or Triumph Engineering Co Ltd motorcycles.
- "Union Sales Company". Cycle and automobile trade journal v. 16 (Jan.-Mar. 1912). January 15, 1912. Retrieved March 3, 2026.
- Clymer, p. 210. Distinct from the Victor steam cars.
- "Victor". Gas review v. 2 (1909). January 1, 1909. Retrieved March 25, 2026.
- "The Victor Page Automobile & The Victor W. Page Corp". www.american-automobiles.com. Retrieved May 10, 2019.
- Kimes, Beverly R. (editor), and Clark, Henry A. The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805–1945. Krause Publications, 1985, p. 1455. ISBN 0-87341-045-9.
- Clymer, p. 135. Built in Painesville, Ohio.
- Detroit-based builder of "generic" cars without badges so dealers could badge them as desired. Clymer, p.146.
- "Walter Automobile Company". Hand book of automobiles (1906). January 15, 1906. Retrieved March 13, 2025.
- Clymer, p. 210. Distinct from Ward (electric automobile company).
- Clymer, p. 210. Distinct from Ward (automobile company).
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 1491
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 1519
- Kimes & Clark 1985, p. 1521
Sources
Sources
- Automobile Quarterly (eds.). The American Car Since 1775. Kutztown, PA: Automobile Quarterly, Inc., 1971. ISBN 0-525-05300-X
- Bird, Anthony and Douglas-Scott Montagu of Beaulieu, Edward: Steam Cars, 1770–1970, Littlehampton Book Services Ltd., 1971. ISBN 0-304-93707-X: ISBN 978-0-304-93707-3
- Clymer, Floyd. Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877–1925. New York: Bonanza Books, 1950.
- Clymer, Floyd and Gahagan, Harry W.: Floyd Clymer's Steam Car Scrapbook, Literary Licensing, LLC, 2012. ISBN 1-258-42699-4; ISBN 978-1-258-42699-6
- Georgano, Nick (Ed.). The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 2000. ISBN 1-57958-293-1
- Evans, Richard J.: Steam Cars (Shire Album), Shire Publications Ltd (booklet) 1985. ISBN 0-85263-774-8; ISBN 978-0-85263-774-6
- Headfield, John: American Steam-Car Pioneers: A Scrapbook (1st edition). Newcomen Society in North, 1984. ISBN 9994065904; ISBN 978-9994065905
- Kimes, Beverly R.; Clark, Henry A. (1975). The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805–1945. Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-111-0.
- Kimes, Beverly R.; Clark, Henry A. (1985). The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805–1945. Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-045-9.
- Kimes, Beverly R.; Clark, Henry A. (1996). The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805–1942 (3rd ed.). Iola, Wisconsin: Krause. ISBN 0-87341-428-4.
- Kirsch, David A.: The Electric Vehicle and the Burden of History. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick NJ and London, 2000. ISBN 0-8135-2809-7