Article · Wikipedia archive · Last revised Jun 11, 2026

Titanium yellow

Titanium yellow is a yellow pigment with the chemical composition NiO·Sb2O3·20TiO2. It is considered a complex inorganic color pigment (CICP), formerly known as a mixed phase metal oxide. The pigment has a rutile crystal lattice, with 2–5% of titanium ions replaced with nickel(II) and 9–12% of them replaced with antimony(III).

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Jun 11, 2026
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Titanium yellow
 
Commercial pigment
About these coordinates     Color coordinates
Hex triplet#EEE600
sRGBB (r, g, b)(238, 230, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)(58°, 100%, 93%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)(89, 98, 83°)
Source[Unsourced]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
Titanium yellow
Names
IUPAC name
  • Titanium yellow
  • nickel antimony titanium yellow
  • nickel antimony titanium yellow rutile
  • CI Pigment Yellow 53
  • C.I. 77788
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.410
EC Number
  • 232-353-3
  • InChI=1S/Ni.44O.2Sb.20Ti.12H/q+2;44*-2;2*+3;20*+4;;;;;;;;;;;;
    Key: KTGGHEZYKTWVFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ni+2].[Sb+3].[Sb+3].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4]
Properties
NiO·Sb2O3·20TiO2
Appearance Yellow pigment
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Titanium yellow is a yellow pigment with the chemical composition NiO·Sb2O3·20TiO2. It is considered a complex inorganic color pigment (CICP)12, formerly known as a mixed phase metal oxide2. The pigment has a rutile crystal lattice1, with 2–5% of titanium ions replaced with nickel(II) and 9–12% of them replaced with antimony(III).

Properties

Titanium yellow has a melting point above 1000 °C and extremely low solubility in water.

As other CICPs, it has excellent heat stability and good chemical stability.2

Production

CICPs such as titanium yellow are manufactured by calcining fine powders of metal oxides, hydroxides, or carbonates in solid state at temperatures between 650 and 1300 °C.1

Use

Titanium yellow is used primarily as a pigment for plastics3 and ceramic glazes2, and in art painting.

It also finds use in high-end applications such as automotive and coil coatings.2

Safety

While titanium yellow contains antimony and nickel, it is considered relatively inert and can be regarded as "physiologically and environmentally harmless."2

See also

See also

References

References

  1. Faulkner, Edwin B.; Schwartz, Russell J., eds. (2009-01-14). High Performance Pigments. Wiley. pp. 44–45. doi:10.1002/9783527626915. ISBN 978-3-527-31405-8.
  2. Lambourne, R.; Strivens, T. A. (1999-08-23). Paint and Surface Coatings: Theory and Practice. Elsevier. pp. 137–138. ISBN 978-1-85573-700-6.
  3. Sarvis, Harrey E. (1993). "The coloring of PVC". Journal of Vinyl Technology. 15 (3): 150. doi:10.1002/vnl.730150307. ISSN 1548-0585.
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