Streptogramins are a class of antibiotics. They work as protein synthesis inhibitors.1
Streptogramins are effective in the treatment of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), two of the most rapidly growing strains of multidrug-resistant bacteria. They fall into two groups: streptogramin A (23-membered macrolide) and streptogramin B (depsipeptide). The two groups act synergistically. They are naturally produced in a 3:7 ratio; most formulations keep this ratio.2
Members include:
- Quinupristin/dalfopristin, made by chemically modifying pristinamycin (semisynthesis)
- Pristinamycin, made by Streptomyces pristinaespiralis
- Virginiamycin, made by Streptomyces virginiae and others
- Linopristin/flopristin, made by semisynthesis. experimental streptogramin in clinical trials for the treatment of respiratory tract infections.3
- Etamycin, a streptogramin B.4
References
References
- "Antimicrobial Chemotherapy". University of Leeds. Archived from the original on 2007-04-28.
- Aronson J, ed. (2016). "Streptogramins". Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs. p. 499. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-53717-1.01472-4. ISBN 978-0-444-53716-4.
Streptogramins [1] are a class of antibiotics of two types, streptogramin A and streptogramin B. Separately, group A and group B streptogramins are bacteriostatic, by reversible binding to the 50S subunit of 70S bacterial ribosomes. Together, however, streptogramins from each group are synergic and bactericidal.
- Boucher HW, Talbot GH, Bradley JS, Edwards JE, Gilbert D, Rice LB, et al. (January 2009). "Bad bugs, no drugs: no ESKAPE! An update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 48 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1086/595011. PMID 19035777.
- Haste NM, Perera VR, Maloney KN, Tran DN, Jensen P, Fenical W, et al. (May 2010). "Activity of the streptogramin antibiotic etamycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus". The Journal of Antibiotics. 63 (5): 219–224. doi:10.1038/ja.2010.22. PMC 2889693. PMID 20339399.
Further reading
Further reading
- De Simeis D, Serra S (April 2021). "Actinomycetes: A Never-Ending Source of Bioactive Compounds-An Overview on Antibiotics Production". Antibiotics. 10 (5): 483. doi:10.3390/antibiotics10050483. PMC 8143475. PMID 33922100.
- Mukhtar TA, Wright GD (February 2005). "Streptogramins, oxazolidinones, and other inhibitors of bacterial protein synthesis". Chemical Reviews. 105 (2): 529–542. Bibcode:2005ChRv..105..529M. doi:10.1021/cr030110z. PMID 15700955.