STARD13

STARD13
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2H80, 2JW2, 2PSO
Identifiers
Aliases	STARD13, ARHGAP37, DLC2, GT650, LINC00464, StAR related lipid transfer domain containing 13
External IDs	OMIM: 609866; MGI: 2385331; HomoloGene: 64844; GeneCards: STARD13; OMA:STARD13 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 13 (human)
End	33,350,630 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (mouse)
End	151,157,301 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	sural nerve; ; muscle layer of sigmoid colon; ; epithelium of colon; ; spinal ganglia; ; trigeminal ganglion; ; right lung; ; thyroid gland; ; left lobe of thyroid gland; ; right lobe of thyroid gland; ; Achilles tendon;
	Top expressed in
	zygote; ; secondary oocyte; ; lumbar spinal ganglion; ; vestibular membrane of cochlear duct; ; primary oocyte; ; retinal pigment epithelium; ; sciatic nerve; ; left lung lobe; ; right lung lobe; ; saccule;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding; lipid binding; GTPase activator activity;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cytosol; lipid droplet; mitochondrial membranes; mitochondrion; membrane;
Biological process	negative regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis; positive regulation of GTPase activity; endothelial tube lumen extension; regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction; endothelial cell migration; signal transduction;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	90627
	243362
	ENSG00000133121
	ENSMUSG00000016128
	Q9Y3M8
	Q923Q2
NM_001243466; NM_001243474; NM_001243476; NM_052851; NM_178006;
	NM_178007; NM_178008
	NM_001163493; NM_146258; NM_001359985
NP_001230395; NP_001230403; NP_001230405; NP_443083; NP_821074;
	NP_821075
	NP_001156965; NP_666370; NP_001346914
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

StAR-related lipid transfer domain protein 13 (STARD13) also known as deleted in liver cancer 2 protein (DLC-2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STARD13 gene and a member of the DLC family of proteins.⁵⁶

Function and structure

STARD13 serves as a Rho GTPase-activating protein (GAP), a type of protein that regulates members of the Rho family of GTPases.⁷ It selectively activates RhoA and CDC42 and suppresses cell growth by inhibiting actin stress fiber assembly.⁷

The protein consists of an N-terminal sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain,⁸ a serine-rich domain, a RhoGAP domain and at the C-terminus, a StAR-related lipid-transfer domain (START).

Tissue distribution and pathology

The protein was identified in part through its differential expression in cancers. A low level of STARD13 was observed in less differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma tissue with higher RhoA expression. A small patient study finds that the absence of STARD13 in hepatocellular carcinomas correlates with higher levels of RhoA and a poorer prognosis than patients with carcinomas that were STARD13-positive.⁹

References

GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000133121 – Ensembl, May 2017
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000016128 – Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Couch FJ, Rommens JM, Neuhausen SL, Bélanger C, Dumont M, Abel K, Bell R, Berry S, Bogden R, Cannon-Albright L, Farid L, Frye C, Hattier T, Janecki T, Jiang P, Kehrer R, Leblanc JF, McArthur-Morrison J, Meney D, Miki Y, Peng Y, Samson C, Schroeder M, Snyder SC, Simard J (August 1996). "Generation of an integrated transcription map of the BRCA2 region on chromosome 13q12-q13". Genomics. 36 (1): 86–99. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0428. PMID 8812419.
"Entrez Gene: STARD13 START domain containing 13".
Ching YP, Wong CM, Chan SF, Leung TH, Ng DC, Jin DY, Ng IO (March 2003). "Deleted in liver cancer (DLC) 2 encodes a RhoGAP protein with growth suppressor function and is underexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (12): 10824–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208310200. PMID 12531887.
Li, Hongyan; Fung, King-Leung; Jin, Dong-Yan; Chung, Stephen S. M.; Ching, Yick-Pang; Ng, Irene Oi-lin; Sze, Kong-Hung; Ko, Ben C. B.; Sun, Hongzhe (2007-06-01). "Solution structures, dynamics, and lipid-binding of the sterile alpha-motif domain of the deleted in liver cancer 2". Proteins. 67 (4): 1154–1166. doi:10.1002/prot.21361. ISSN 1097-0134. PMID 17380510. S2CID 20407564.
Xiaorong L, Wei W, Liyuan Q, Kaiyan Y (2008). "Underexpression of deleted in liver cancer 2 (DLC2) is associated with overexpression of RhoA and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma". BMC Cancer. 8 205. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-205. PMC 2496915. PMID 18651974.

Further reading

Ching YP, Wong CM, Chan SF, Leung TH, Ng DC, Jin DY, Ng IO (March 2003). "Deleted in liver cancer (DLC) 2 encodes a RhoGAP protein with growth suppressor function and is underexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (12): 10824–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208310200. PMID 12531887.
Day CL, Puthalakath H, Skea G, Strasser A, Barsukov I, Lian LY, Huang DC, Hinds MG (February 2004). "Localization of dynein light chains 1 and 2 and their pro-apoptotic ligands". The Biochemical Journal. 377 (Pt 3): 597–605. doi:10.1042/BJ20031251. PMC 1223895. PMID 14561217.
Nagaraja GM, Kandpal RP (January 2004). "Chromosome 13q12 encoded Rho GTPase activating protein suppresses growth of breast carcinoma cells, and yeast two-hybrid screen shows its interaction with several proteins". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 313 (3): 654–65. Bibcode:2004BBRC..313..654N. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.001. PMID 14697242.
Colland F, Jacq X, Trouplin V, Mougin C, Groizeleau C, Hamburger A, Meil A, Wojcik J, Legrain P, Gauthier JM (July 2004). "Functional proteomics mapping of a human signaling pathway". Genome Research. 14 (7): 1324–32. doi:10.1101/gr.2334104. PMC 442148. PMID 15231748.
Leung TH, Ching YP, Yam JW, Wong CM, Yau TO, Jin DY, Ng IO (October 2005). "Deleted in liver cancer 2 (DLC2) suppresses cell transformation by means of inhibition of RhoA activity". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 102 (42): 15207–12. Bibcode:2005PNAS..10215207L. doi:10.1073/pnas.0504501102. PMC 1250229. PMID 16217026.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000133121 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000016128 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8812419-5] Couch FJ, Rommens JM, Neuhausen SL, Bélanger C, Dumont M, Abel K, Bell R, Berry S, Bogden R, Cannon-Albright L, Farid L, Frye C, Hattier T, Janecki T, Jiang P, Kehrer R, Leblanc JF, McArthur-Morrison J, Meney D, Miki Y, Peng Y, Samson C, Schroeder M, Snyder SC, Simard J (August 1996). "Generation of an integrated transcription map of the BRCA2 region on chromosome 13q12-q13". Genomics. 36 (1): 86–99. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0428. PMID 8812419.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: STARD13 START domain containing 13".

[pmid12531887-7] Ching YP, Wong CM, Chan SF, Leung TH, Ng DC, Jin DY, Ng IO (March 2003). "Deleted in liver cancer (DLC) 2 encodes a RhoGAP protein with growth suppressor function and is underexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (12): 10824–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208310200. PMID 12531887.

[8] Li, Hongyan; Fung, King-Leung; Jin, Dong-Yan; Chung, Stephen S. M.; Ching, Yick-Pang; Ng, Irene Oi-lin; Sze, Kong-Hung; Ko, Ben C. B.; Sun, Hongzhe (2007-06-01). "Solution structures, dynamics, and lipid-binding of the sterile alpha-motif domain of the deleted in liver cancer 2". Proteins. 67 (4): 1154–1166. doi:10.1002/prot.21361. ISSN 1097-0134. PMID 17380510. S2CID 20407564.

[9] Xiaorong L, Wei W, Liyuan Q, Kaiyan Y (2008). "Underexpression of deleted in liver cancer 2 (DLC2) is associated with overexpression of RhoA and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma". BMC Cancer. 8 205. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-205. PMC 2496915. PMID 18651974.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9