Article · Wikipedia archive · Last revised Jun 7, 2026

Solid earth

Solid earth refers to "the earth beneath our feet" or terra firma, the planet's solid surface and its interior. It excludes the Earth's fluid envelopes, the atmosphere and hydrosphere, as well as the biosphere and interactions with the Sun.

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Solid earth refers to "the earth beneath our feet" or terra firma, the planet's solid surface and its interior.1: v 2: 1  It excludes the Earth's fluid envelopes, the atmosphere and hydrosphere (but includes the ocean basin), as well as the biosphere and interactions with the Sun.

Solid-earth science refers to the corresponding methods of study, a subset of Earth sciences, predominantly geophysics and geology, excluding aeronomy, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, hydrology, and ecology.

See also

See also

References

References

  1. National Research Council (U.S.). Panel on Solid Earth Problems (1964). Solid-earth Geophysics: Survey and Outlook. National Academies.
  2. Council, National Research (1993). Solid-earth sciences and society. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. ISBN 9780309047395.
Further reading

Further reading