Semimytilus algosus

Semimytilus algosus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Bivalvia
Order:	Mytilida
Family:	Mytilidae
Genus:	Semimytilus
Species:	S. algosus
Binomial name
	Semimytilus algosus; (Gould, 1850)
Synonyms
	Modiolus nonuranus; Mytilus algosus; Mytilus similis;

Semimytilus algosus is a species of mussels. A common name for this species is Dwarf mussel.¹ It is the first species where trioecy was reported in the phylum Mollusca.²

Size

Individuals can be up to 42 or 50 millimetres (1.7 or 2.0 in) in size.³

Reproduction

In the past this species was described as simultaneous hermaphroditic but it was later confirmed the species is trioecious. It is believed this species evolved from a gonochoric ancestor.²

Occurrence

Its habitat is rocky shores.⁴ The species has been found off the coasts of South Africa and is native to Chile.⁵ The species is also invasive off the coast of Angola and Namibia.⁶

References

"Dwarf mussel". SANBI. 20 May 2018. Retrieved 2021-10-11.
Oyarzún, Pablo A.; Nuñez, José J.; Toro, Jorge E.; Gardner, Jonathan P. A. (2020). "Trioecy in the Marine Mussel Semimytilus algosus (Mollusca, Bivalvia): Stable Sex Ratios Across 22 Degrees of a Latitudinal Gradient". Frontiers in Marine Science. 7. doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00348. ISSN 2296-7745.
Branch, George (2017-03-10). Two Oceans: A guide to the marine life of southern Africa. Penguin Random House South Africa. pp. 60–36. ISBN 978-1-77584-278-1.
Picker, Mike (2013-10-24). Alien and Invasive Animals: A South African Perspective. Penguin Random House South Africa. ISBN 978-1-77584-130-2.
Greef, K. de; Griffiths, C. L.; Zeeman, Z. (2013-09-01). "Deja vu? A second mytilid mussel, Semimytilus algosus, invades South Africa's west coast". African Journal of Marine Science. 35 (3): 307–313. Bibcode:2013AfJMS..35..307D. doi:10.2989/1814232X.2013.829789. hdl:10019.1/121931. ISSN 1814-232X. S2CID 84892353.
Ma, Kevin C. K.; Zardi, Gerardo I.; McQuaid, Christopher D.; Nicastro, Katy R. (2020-09-11). "Historical and contemporary range expansion of an invasive mussel, Semimytlius algosus, in Angola and Namibia despite data scarcity in an infrequently surveyed region". PLOS ONE. 15 (9) e0239167. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1539167M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239167. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 7485899. PMID 32915915.

[1] "Dwarf mussel". SANBI. 20 May 2018. Retrieved 2021-10-11.

[:1-2] Oyarzún, Pablo A.; Nuñez, José J.; Toro, Jorge E.; Gardner, Jonathan P. A. (2020). "Trioecy in the Marine Mussel Semimytilus algosus (Mollusca, Bivalvia): Stable Sex Ratios Across 22 Degrees of a Latitudinal Gradient". Frontiers in Marine Science. 7. doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00348. ISSN 2296-7745.

[3] Branch, George (2017-03-10). Two Oceans: A guide to the marine life of southern Africa. Penguin Random House South Africa. pp. 60–36. ISBN 978-1-77584-278-1.

[4] Picker, Mike (2013-10-24). Alien and Invasive Animals: A South African Perspective. Penguin Random House South Africa. ISBN 978-1-77584-130-2.

[5] Greef, K. de; Griffiths, C. L.; Zeeman, Z. (2013-09-01). "Deja vu? A second mytilid mussel, Semimytilus algosus, invades South Africa's west coast". African Journal of Marine Science. 35 (3): 307–313. Bibcode:2013AfJMS..35..307D. doi:10.2989/1814232X.2013.829789. hdl:10019.1/121931. ISSN 1814-232X. S2CID 84892353.

[6] Ma, Kevin C. K.; Zardi, Gerardo I.; McQuaid, Christopher D.; Nicastro, Katy R. (2020-09-11). "Historical and contemporary range expansion of an invasive mussel, Semimytlius algosus, in Angola and Namibia despite data scarcity in an infrequently surveyed region". PLOS ONE. 15 (9) e0239167. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1539167M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239167. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 7485899. PMID 32915915.

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