Parthian may refer to:
Historical
- Parthian people
- A demonym "of Parthia", a region of north-eastern of Greater Iran
- Parthian Empire (247 BC – 224 AD)
- Parthian language, a now-extinct Middle Iranian language
- Parthian shot, an archery skill famously employed by Parthian horsemen
- Pahlavas, the Parthians in ancient Indian literature
- Pahlava kingdom, their kingdom as known to the Indians
Other uses
- Parthian Books, a Welsh publishing house
- Indo-Parthian kingdoms
- Parthian-class submarine
- Seven Parthian clans