Article · Wikipedia archive · Last revised Aug 8, 2026

Italian units of measurement

A variety of units of measurement were used in the various independent Italian states and Italian dependencies of foreign empires up to the unification of Italy in the 19th century. The units to measure length, volume, mass, etc., could differ widely between countries or between towns in a country, but usually not between a country and its capital.

Last revised
Aug 8, 2026
Read time
≈ 24 min
Length
5,620 w
Citations
547
Source
Wikipedia ↗

A variety of units of measurement were used in the various independent Italian states and Italian dependencies of foreign empires up to the unification of Italy in the 19th century. The units to measure length, volume, mass, etc., could differ widely between countries or between towns in a country (e.g. Rome and Ancona), but usually not between a country and its capital.

The Kingdom of Sardinia included the island of Sardinia and the continental areas of Piedmont (with the capital Turin) and Liguria (with Genoa). The Kingdom of Naples included the island of Sicily (with Palermo). The Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia was part of the Austrian Empire, which also shared ruling family with Modena, Parma and Tuscany (capital Florence). The Papal States included the areas of Latium (with the capital Rome), Umbria, Romagna (with Bologna) and the Marches (with Ancona).

An example of a Tavole di ragguaglio (Conversion Table) in 1860 when Tuscany became part of modern Italy. source ↗

Milan adopted the metric system in 1803, during the Napoleonic Wars, albeit reusing names of older units.12 After the Congress of Vienna, the various Italian states reverted to their original systems of measurements.

In 1845 Sardinia passed legislation to introduce the metric system within five years. In 1859 Lombardy (but not Venetia) was annexed. In 1860 Parma, Modena, Tuscany, Umbria, Romagna and the Marches, and the Two Sicilies (Naples) were assimilated into Sardinia and under the Law 132 of 28 July 28, 1861 the metric system became the official system of measurement throughout the (this year) Italian kingdom.3 The last to be incorporated were Venetia (1866), and the rest of the Papal States (1870).

For historical Roman measurements, see Ancient Roman units of measurement. The following is a comprehensive list of units used prior to the adoption of the metric system, along with the local names assigned to metric-based units after the system change.

Over time, many traditional unit names were repurposed to denote metric-based units. This practice introduced an additional layer of complexity, making the transition to the metric system unnecessarily cumbersome. These units are marked with €. They are also placed after the traditional.

Length

Units varied from one province or city to another.2 In the north the atomo was the smallest unit.4

Dedicated use:  # architect's   † commercial   ‡ mercer's

1 piede liprando = 0.51377 m 12
1 punto (point) = 1⁄144 piede liprando 12
1 oncia (inch) = 12 punti 12
1 piede liprando (foot) = 12 oncie 12
1 canna = 4 piedi liprando 12
1 trabucco = 1+1⁄2 canna 12
1 miglio (mile) = 4333+1⁄3 piedi liprando 12

Lombardy–Venetia

1 punto = 12 atomi 5
1 oncia = 12 punti 5
1 piede = 12 diti (a.k.a. pollici) 6
1 piede = 435.185 mm 6
1 braccio = 12 once 5
1 braccio = 2 piedi 5

1 miglio€ = 1 km 5

Milan

1 dito (a.k.a. pollico) = 36.27 mm 7
1 oncia = 12 punti 8
1 piede = 12 diti 7
1 piè = 15.61 in 5
1 braccio = 12 once = 594.94 mm 89
1 trabucco = 6 piedi 9
1 miglio = 3000 braccii = 1784.81 m 10

1 atomo€ = 1 mm 1
1 dito€ = 1 cm 17
1 palmo€ = 1 dm 1
1 metro€ = 1 m 1

Venice

1 linea = 10 decimi 11
1 piede = 348 mm 9
1 piede = 12 once = 347.735 mm 6
1 piè = 13.69 in 5
1 braccio = 683 mm 9
1 cavezzo = 6 piedi = 2.08641 m 12
1 miglio = 1000 passi = 1738.67 m 10

Modena

1 cavezzo = 6 piedi 13
1 piè = 20.593 in 13
1 braccio = 22.741 in 13

Naples

1 oncia = 5 minuti 14
1 decima = 10 centesimi = 26.455 mm 15
1 palmo = 10 decime = 12 once = 264.55 mm 6
1 palmo = 10 decime 15
1 palmo = 12 once = 10.381 in 14
1 canna = 10 palmi = 2.646 m 912
1 canna = 10 palmi = 2.6455 m 16
1 canna† = 8 palmi 16
1 canna = 8 palmi 14
1 pertica (a.k.a. passo) = 7+1⁄2 palmi 14
1 miglio = 7000 palmi = 1.147 miles 14
1 miglio = 1000 passi (geographical mile) = 1855.11 m 10

Sicily

1 palmo = 9.5297 in 17
1 canna = 2.06480 m 12
1 canna = 8 palmi 1217
1 canna = 8 palmi = 2.06479 m 16
1 cortena = 4 canne 18
1 corda = 4 cortene = 33.037 m 18
1 miglio = 45 corde = 1486.66 m 10

Palermo

1 canna = 10 palmi = 2.065 m 9

Papal States

1 palmo# = 12 once = 8.79 in 19
1 palmo† = 8.796 in 19
1 palmo‡ = 8.347 in 19
1 palmo mercantile† = 24.908 cm 16
1 palmo architettonica# = 22.319 cm 16
1 palmo d'ara = 12.500 cm 16
1 once# = 10 decimi 19
1 pie# (foot) = 16 once = 11.72 in 19
1 pié = 11.592 in 19
1 braccia da mercante† = 67 cm 8
1 braccia par le tele‡ = 63.5 cm 8
1 braccia d'ara = 75 cm 8
1 canna = 78.4 in 19
1 canna# = 10 palmi 19
1 canna# = 7 1/2 piedi = 2.23190 m 12
1 canna mercantile† = 8 palmi = 1.99263 m 16
1 canna architettonica# = 10 palmi = 2.2319 m 16
1 canna d'ara = 9 palmi = 1.125 m 16
1 catena# = 10 stajoli = 25+1⁄2 palmi 19
1 miglio = 1000 passi = 1487.93 m 10

Rome

1 oncia# = 10 decimi = 18.6 mm 11
1 piede = 297.587 mm 6
1 braccio = 30.732 in 19
1 canna = 10 palmi = 2.234 m 9

Ancona

1 pié = 15.384 in 19
1 braccio = 35+1⁄3 in 19

Bologna

1 piede = 38 cm 9
1 braccio = 64 cm 9

Parma

1 punto = 12 atomi 20
1 oncia = 12 punti 20
1 braccio di legno = 12 once 20
1 braccio = 21.344 in 20
1 pertica = 6 braccia 20
1 piè = 22.428 in 20

Sardinia

1 punto = 12 atomi 21
1 oncia = 12 punti 21
1 piè liprando = 12 once = 20.228 in 21
1 canna = 8 palmi = 2.1 m 16
1 miglio = 4333+1⁄3 piedi liprando = 1.3835 mile 21

Piedmont

1 raso = 14 oncie 21
1 piede manuale = 2⁄3 piede liprando 6
1 piede manuale = 8 once = 342.511 mm 6
1 trabucco = 6 piedi liprandi = 3.096 m 9
1 trabucco = 6 piedi liprandi 21
1 pertica = 2 trabucci 21
1 pertica = 12 piedi liprandi = 6.16519 m 12
1 miglio = 800 trabucchi = 2466.08 m 10

Turin

1 piede = 293 mm 9
1 raso = 14 oncie 21
1 raso = 0.6 m 9
1 trabucco = 6 piedi liprandi 21
1 pertica = 2 trabucci 21

Genoa

1 palmo = 5+1⁄3 once 21
1 palmo = 248 mm 9
1 piè manuale = 2⁄3 piè liprando 21
1 braccio = 2+1⁄3 palmi 21
1 braccio = 28 once = 581.22 mm 8
1 canna = about 9 palmi 21
1 canna piccola = 9 palmi = 2.24186 m 16
1 canna = 10 palmi = 2.49095 m 16
1 canna grossa = 12 palmi = 2.98914 m 1216

Tuscany

1 quattrino = 4 denari = 9.728 mm 22
1 soldo = 12 denari 23
1 palmo = 10 soldi = 11.49 in 23
1 braccio = 2 palmi 23
1 canna = 4 braccia 23
1 canna = 5 braccii = 2.91825 m 12
1 canna# = 5 braccia 23
1 canna† = 4 braccia = 2.3346 m 16
1 canna (a.k.a. percha) = 5 bracchia 16
1 miglio = 2833+1⁄3 braccia = 1.0277 mile 23
1 miglio = 2833+1⁄3 braccii = 1653.67 m 10

Florence

1 braccio = 2 palmi = 583 mm 9

Mass

One libbra (pound) differed between 3072 and 398 g.1 Several countries used both a light and a heavy pound.

Dedicated use:  # gold   ∆ silver   § jewels   † apothecaries'   ‡ silk   @ spices, drugs and pigments   ¥ commercial   ¢ oil     ship cargoes: Σ grain   flour etc   § salt

1 grano (grain) = 1⁄6912 libbra 12
1 carato = 4 grani 24
1 tomin = 12 grani 24
1 denaro (scruple) = 24 grani 12
1 ottavo (drachm) = 3 denari 12
1 carato = 6 denaro (a.k.a. scrupolo) 24
1 oncia (ounce) = 8 ottavi 12
1 oncia = 4 quarto (quarta) 25
1 libbra (pound) = 12 oncie 12
1 rubbo = 25 libbre 12
1 quintale = 4 rubbi 26
1 cantaro = 6 rubbi 12
1 cantaro = 100 rotoli 27

Lombardy–Venetia

1 denaro#∆ = 24 grani 28
1 oncia#∆ = 24 denari 28
1 marco#∆ = 8 once = 7.5562 troy ounce 28
1 marco di zecca = 8 once 29

1 denaro€ = 10 grani 28
1 grosso€ = 10 denari 28
1 oncia€ = 10 grossi 28
1 libbra metrica€ = 10 once = 1 kg 28
1 rubbio€ = 10 libbre 28

Milan

1 grano∆‡ (a.k.a. denaro) = 50.998 mg 22
1 marco = 234.997 g 29
1 libbra piccola = 12 once = 326.793 g 30
1 libbra grossa = 28 once 30
1 libbra grossa = 28 once = 763 g 9
1 libbra da olio¢ = 32 once 30
1 rubbio = 8.17 kg 31
1 fascio = 10 peso = 87.14 kg 32

1 grano€ = 1 dg 1
1 denar€ = 1 g 1
1 denaro€ (from 1803) = 1 g 22
1 grosso€ = 1 dag 1
1 oncia€ = 1 hg 1
1 libbra nuova€ = 1 kg 1
1 rubbio = 10 kg 31
1 quintale€ = 10 rubbi 26
1 quintale€ = 10 miriagrammi = 100 kg 26
1 centinajo metrico€ (a.k.a. centarello) = 100 kg 33

Venice

1 marco = 238.499 g 29
1 libbra sottile = 301 g 9
1 libbra sottile = 301.23 g 30
1 libbra grossa = 12 once = 477 g 9
1 libbra grossa = 12 once = 476.999 g 30
1 centinaio sottile = 100 libbre = 30.123 kg 12
1 centinajo (–1869) = 100 libbre sottile 33
1 centinajo (–1869) = 100 libbre grossa 33

Trieste

Austrian, but not part of Lombardy-Venetia.

1 funto (–1858) = 1 Wiener Pfund 33
1 centinaji = 100 funti 33
1 migliajo (–1858) = 10 centinaji 33

Modena

1 oncia = 16 ferlini 13
1 libbra (a.k.a. lira) = 12 once = 0.7044 lb 13
1 libbra = 340.457 g 30
1 peso = 25 libbre = 8.2 kg 32

Naples

1 scrupolo† = 20 accini 14
1 trapeso#∆‡@ = 20 accini 14
1 drachma† = 3 scrupoli 14
1 dramma#∆‡@ = 3 trapesi (a.k.a. scrupoli)14
1 oncia† = 10 drachme 14
1 oncia#∆‡@ = 10 dramme 14
1 libbra = 12 once = 0.321 kg 9
1 libbra = 12 once = 0.70722 lb 14
1 libbra† = 12 once 14
1 libbra#∆‡@ = 12 once 14
1 libbra‡@ (–1840) = 320.759 g 30
1 rotolo = 861 g 9
1 rotolo = 2+7⁄9 libbre 14
1 rotolo di puglia = 1000 trappesi = 890.997 g 34
1 cantaio piccolo (1840 6/4-) = 32.076 kg 27
1 cantaro = 100 rotoli = 89.100 kg 12
1 cantaio grosso¢ (1840 6/4-) = 89.1 kg 27

Sicily

1 taro = 20 grani 35
1 onza# = 70 tarì = 26.4473 g 35
1 libbra = 12 oncie = 0.70723 lb 17
1 rotolo = 30 once = 12 once alla grossa = 793.42 g 34
1 rottolo sottile = 30 oncie = 1.76 lb 17
1 rottolo grosso = 38 oncie = 1.925 lb 17
1 cantaro = 79.15 kg 27
1 cantaro = 100 rotoli = 79.342 kg 12

Palermo

1 libbra = 12 once = 317 g 9
1 libbra = 317.368 g 30
1 cantaro = 100 rotoli = 79.34 kg 9

Papal States

1 denaro = 24 grani 36
1 oncia = 24 denari 36
1 libbra = 12 once 36
1 centinaio = 100 libbre = 33.907 kg 12
1 rubbio§ = 600 libbre 31
1 rubbioΣ = 640 libbre 31
1 rubbio = 720 libbre 31

Rome

1 denaro∆¥ = 24 grani = 1.178 g 22
1 oncia = 12 denari 22
1 libbra = 12 once = 339 g 9
1 libbra = 6912 grani = 339.072 g 30
1 libbra = 0.7477 lb 36
1 decina = 10 libbre = 3.391 kg 37
1 cantaro (a.k.a. centinajo) (–1870) = 100 libbre 27
1 cantaro piccolo = 100 libbre = 33.9073 kg 33
1 cantaro (–1870) = 160 libbre 27
1 cantaro (–1870) = 250 libbre 27
1 cantaro grosso (a.k.a. migliajo) (–1870) = 1000 libbre = 339.07 kg 27

Ancona

1 libbra = 0.7277 36
1 rubbo = 25 libbre 33
1 centinajo = 2⁄3 cantari 33
1 centinajo = 4 rubbi = 32.96 kg 33

Bologna

1 carato = 4 grani 36
1 ferlino = 10 carati 36
1 ferlino = 10 carati = 1.885 g 38
1 ferlino§ = 1.9225 g 38
1 ottavo = 2 ferlini 36
1 oncia = 8 ottavi 36
1 oncia = 16 ferlini 38
1 libbra mercantile¥ = 12 once = 362 g 9
1 libbra = 0.7984 36
1 libbra = 12 once 36
1 libbra#∆‡ = 361.851 g 30
1 peso = 25 libbre = 9.046 kg 32

Ferrara

1 ferlino = 10 carati = 1.80 g 38
1 oncia = 16 ferlini 38
1 centinajo (–1859) = 34.514 kg 33

Parma

1 denaro = 24 grani 20
1 oncia = 24 denari 20
1 marco = 234.997 g 29
1 libbra = 12 once = 0.7197 lb 20
1 libbra = 328 g 30
1 rubbio = 25 libbre 20

Sardinia

1 grano‡ = 53.363 mg 22
1 denaro¥ = 24 grane = 1280.71 mg 22
1 cantaro = 4 rubbi 27
1 cantaro di comercio¥ = 25 libbre = 10.164 kg 27
1 cantaro grosso (a.k.a. cantarello) = 26 libbre = 10.5706 kg 27
1 calpo = 10 cantari grossi 27

Piedmont

1 grano = 24 granotini 21
1 denaro = 24 grani 21
1 ottavo = 3 denari 21
1 oncia = 8 ottavi 21
1 marco = 245.920 g 29
1 libbra = 12 once = 0.81332 lb 21
1 libbra† = 1+1⁄4 marco 21
1 marco#∆ = 2⁄3 libbra 21
1 rubbo = 25 libbre = 9.222 kg 12

Turin

1 grano = 24 granotini 21
1 denaro = 24 grani 21
1 denaro (1853) = 50 mg 22
1 ottavo = 3 denari 21
1 oncia = 8 ottavi 21
1 marco#∆ = 2⁄3 libbra 21
1 libbra† = 1+1⁄4 marco 21
1 libbra (–1818) = 368.88 g 30
1 libbra = 12 once = 369 g 9
1 libbra = 12 once = 0.81332 lb 21
1 rubbio = 9.22 kg 31

Genoa

1 denaro = 24 grani 21
1 oncia = 24 denari 21
1 libbra = 12 once = 317 g 9
1 libbra = 12 once = 0.70021 lb 21
1 libbra (peso grosso) = 12 once = 0.77023 lb 21
1 libbra peso sottile = 316.75 g 30
1 libbra peso grosso = 317.664 g 30
1 rottolo = 1+1⁄2 libbre 2134
1 rotolo = 18 once = 475.125 g 34
1 cantaro (–1847) = 6 rubbi 27
1 cantaro (–1847) = 47.649 kg 27
1 cantaro grosso = 100 rotoli = 47.650 kg 12
1 peso (–1847) = 5 cantari 27
1 rubbio = 7.942 kg 31
1 mina = 12 rubbi = 95.299 kg 39

Cagliari

1 libbra di commercio¥ = 406.563 g 30
1 libbra da orefici = 325.25 g 30

Tuscany

1 denaro = 24 grani 23
1 dramma = 3 denari 23
1 oncia = 8 dramme 23
1 libbra = 12 once = 0.7486 lb 23
1 cantaro comune = 150 libbre = 50.931 kg 12
1 cantaro (–1861) = 100 libbre = 33.9542 kg 27
1 migliaio (–1861) = 10 cantari 27

Florence

1 libbra = 12 once = 339.5 g 9
1 libbra = 339.542 g 30

Lucca

1 libbra = 334.5 g 30
1 libbre grosse = 11 libbre mercantile 40
1 coppo = 24 libbre grosse = 88.308 kg 40

Area

Dedicated use:  # architect's

1 giornata (a.k.a. quadrao) = 38 are 1
1 tavola = 1⁄100 giornata 1

Lombardy–Venetia

1 tornatura = 100 palmi2 = 1 are 5
1 campo = 0.6881 acre 5

Lombardy

1 tavola = 4 trabucchi quadri 41
1 pertica = 24 tavole = 654.52 m2 41

Venetia

1 migliajo = 1000 passi quadrati = 3022.99 m2 41

Modena

1 cavezzo2 = 36 piedi2 13
1 tavola = 4 cavezzi2 13
1 biolca = 72 tavole = 0.7009 acres 13

Naples

1 canna quadrata (centesimo) = 6.999 m2 16
1 decima = 10 centesimi = 69.987 m2 15
1 decima = 10 canne quadrate 42
1 moggio = 10 decime 15
1 moggio = 50,626 palmi2 = 0.8684 acre 14
1 moggio = 10 decime = 699.87 m2 42

Sicily

1 canna (quartiglio) = 4.263 m2 16
1 mondelli = 1024 canne quadrate 42
1 bisaccia = 16 mondelli = 4365.72 m2 42

Papal States

1 scorzo = 28 catene agrimensorie 41
1 quarta = 4 scorzi = 4621.19 m2 41
1 rubbio = 370300 palmi2 # = 4.5658 acres 19
1 rubbio = 184.8438 ar 42

Parma

1 staro = 12 tavola 20
1 biolca = 6 stari = 0.7528 acre 20
1 biolca = 288 pertica2 20

Sardinia

Piedmont

1 giornata = 100 pertica2 = 0.9393 acre 21
1 giornata = 100 tavole = 38.01 ar 43
1 giornata = 100 tavole = 3800.96 m2 41

Tuscany

1 saccato = 16500 braccia2 = 1.389 acre 23

Volume (dry)

Dry and wet capacity (volume) were usually two separate systems, but a few units were universally handled, mostly in countries that had had experience with the metric system. (One of the sources do not state what subsystem they are handling).12

Dedicated use:  # firewood   † grain   ‡ salt   ∆ oats and legumes   Σ coal

One mina varied from 12 to 120 litres.1

Lombardy–Venetia

1 pinta€ = 10 coppi = 1 litre 5
1 mina€ = 10 pinte 5
1 soma€ = 10 mine 5

Venice

1 moggio = 8 mezzeni = 333.3 litres 9

Milan

1 moggio = 8 stala = 146.2 litres 9
1 soma∆ = 164.51 L 44

1 coppo€ = 1 dl 1
1 pinta€ = 1 L 1
1 mina€ = 1 dal 144
1 soma€ = 1 hl 144

Modena

1 stajo = 1.9978 bushels 13
1 sacco = 2 staja 13

Naples

1 quarto (–1840) = 6 misuri 45
1 mezzetta = 2 quarte = 27.77 L 45
1 mezzetto (–1840) = 2 quarti = 27.66 L 45
1 tomolo = 55.54 litres 9
1 tomolo = 24 misure = 1.5646 bushels 46
1 carro = 36 tomoli 46
1 canna da legna# = 256 cubic palmi = 4.74 m3 16

Sicily

1 salma generale = 7.8 bushels 17
1 salma grosso = 10 bushels 17

Palermo

1 salma = 4 bisace = 275 litres 9
1 salma = 16 tomoli 9

Papal States

1 scorzo = 4 quartucci 19
1 starello = 1+3⁄8 scorzi 19
1 quarta = 4 starelli 19
1 rubbio = 4 quarte 19
1 rubbio∆ = 249.458 L 31
1 rubbio = 294.465 L 31

Rome

1 decina†‡ = 4.601 L 37
1 staro = 4 decine 37
1 rubbio = 8.355 bushels 36
1 rubbio = 22 scorzi = 294.5 litres 9

Ancona

1 rubbio = 7.974 bushels 36

Bologna

1 quarterone = 4 quarticini 36
1 stajo = 4 quarteroni 36
1 corba (dry and liquid) = 2 staja 36
1 corba (dry and liquid) = 2.232 bushels
(20.7617 gallons, liquid) 36
1 corba = 2 staia = 60 boccali = 78.6 litres 9

Parma

1 mina = 8 quarteroli 20
1 stajo (a.k.a. staro) = 2 mine = 1.334 bushels 20

Sardinia

Piedmont

1 coppo† = 2.876 L 40
1 emine# = 23.006 L 47
1 sacco# = 5 emine = 115.027 L 48
1 sacco# (1818–) = 5 emine = 115,275 L 48
1 sacco camerale = 6 emine 48

Turin

1 copello = 20 cucchiari 21
1 quartière = 4 copelli 21
1 mina = 2 quartière 21
1 stajo = 2 mine 21
1 sacco = 3 staje = 3.2635 bushels 21
1 sacco = 5 mine = 115.3 litres 9

Genoa

1 gombetta = 4 misurette = 1.21 L 49
1 quarto = 12 gombette 21
1 mina = 8 quarti = 2.4804 gallons 21
1 mina = 116.5 litres 9
1 mina† = 116.532 L 39
1 saccoΣ = 3 misure (coppi) = 157.75 L 48

Tuscany

1 quartuccio = 2 bussoli 23
1 mezzetta = 2 quartucci 23
1 mezzetta = 2 quartucci = 0.761 L 45
1 metadella = 2 mezzette 23
1 quarto = 4 metadelle 23
1 mina = 2 quarti 23
1 stajo = 2 mine 23
1 sacco = 3 staja 23
1 sacco# = 3 staja = 73.09 L 48
1 moggio = 8 sacci = 16.5904 bushels 23
1 moggio = 8 sacci# 48

Florence

1 moggio = 8 sacca = 584.7 litres 9

Volume (liquids)

There are also a unit cantara:27 no specifics.

Dedicated use:  # wine   † spirits   ‡ oil

1 barile da vino# = 45.6 L 1
1 barile da olio‡ = 33.4 L 1

Lombardy–Venetia

1 pinta€ = 10 coppi = 1 litre 5
1 mina€ = 10 pinte 5
1 soma€ = 10 mine 5

Venice

1 quartuccio = 4 gotti = 670.7 mL 12 1 barile#† = 24 bozze = 64.386 L 50

Milan

1 mezzo = 2 zaine (bicchieri) = 393.5 mL 51
1 boccale = 2 mezzi 51
1 boccale = 0.787 L 52
1 quartaro = 4 pinte 39
1 mina (secchia) = 2 quartari = 12.592 L 39
1 brenta = 96 boccali = 75.6 litres 9
1 brenta = 75.554 L 53

1 coppo€ = 1 dl 140
1 pinta€ = 1 L 154
1 mina€ = 1 dal 139
1 soma€ = 1 hl 1

Trieste

1 boccale = 1.83 L 52

Modena

1 fiasco = 2 boccali = 0.55028 gallon 13
1 fiasco# = 2 boccali = 2.083 L 55
1 barile = 20 fiasci 13

Naples

1 barile#† = 60 caraffi 14
1 botta#† = 12 barile 14
1 botte#† = 12 barili = 523.5 litres 9
1 carro#† = 2 botti 14
1 caraffa = 3 bicchieri = 0.7271 L 12
1 caraffa#† = 0.1929 gallons 14
1 quarto‡ = 6 misurelle 46
1 stajo‡ = 16 quarti = 2.61633 gallons 46
1 stajo‡ = 20 pignate 46
1 salma‡ = 16 staja 46
1 barile#† = 43.625 L 50

Sicily

1 quartuccio = 4 bicchieri = 0.8597 L 12
1 salma = 22 gallons 17
1 barile#† = 34.386 L 50

Papal States

1 foglietta = 4 quartucci 19
1 foglietta = 4 quartucci (cartocci) 56
1 boccale = 1.8232 L 12
1 boccale = 4 fogliette 1219
1 barile = 32 boccale 19
1 barile# = 15.412 gallon 19
1 barile‡ = 15.185 gallon 19
1 botte = 16 barile 19

Rome

1 fogliette = 4 quartucci 51
1 foglietta# = 456 mL 56
1 mezzo = 2 fogliette = 911.6 mL 51
1 boccale = 2 mezzi 51
1 boccale# = 4 fogliette = 1.823 L 52
1 boccale‡ = 1⁄4 cugnatella = 2.053 L 52
1 soma = 43.386 gallons 19
1 barile#† = 32 boccali = 58.342 L 50
1 barile = 32 boccali = 75.5 litres 9
1 brenta = 175.023 L 53
1 soma# = 116,683 L 44
1 soma‡ = 164,23 L 44
1 botte = 8 some 44

Ancona

1 soma = 18.49 gallons 19

Bologna

1 foglietta# = 327 mL 56
1 boccale = 4 fogliette 19
1 boccale = 0.346 gallon 19
1 boccale = 1.31 L 52
1 quarterone = 15 boccale 19
1 corba = 4 quarterone 19
1 corba = 2 staia = 60 boccali = 78.6 litres 9

Parma

See Lombardy–Venetia and Milan.20

Sardinia

Piedmont

1 boccale = 2 quartini 2154
1 pinta = 2 boccali 21
1 pinta = 4 quartini = 1.3696 L 12
1 pinta (–1818) = 2 boccale = 1.369 L 54
1 rubbio = 6 pinte = 2.4804 gallons 21
1 brenta = 6 rubbi 21
1 carro = 10 brente 21

Turin

1 boccale = 2 quartini 21
1 boccale = 0.68 L 52
1 pinta = 2 boccali 21
1 rubbio = 6 pinte = 2.4804 gallons 21
1 brenta = 6 rubbi 21
1 brenta = 49.285 L 53
1 carro = 10 brente 21
1 carro = 10 brente = 493.11 litres 9

Genoa

1 amola = 4 quarti = 0.8833 L 12
1 barile = 90 amole 21
1 barile = 50 pinte = 17.084 gallons 21
1 barile = 70 litres 9
1 barile#† = 79.02 L 50
1 mezzaruòla = 2 barilli 21

Tuscany

1 mezzetta# = 2 quartucci 23
1 mezzetta† = 2 quartucci = 0.57 L 45
1 mezzetta‡ = 2 quartucci = 0.522 L 45
1 boccale# = 2 mezzette 23
1 boccale = 4 quartucci = 1.1396 L 12
1 fiasco# = 2 boccale 23
1 fiasco# = 2 boccali = 2.279 L 55
1 barile# = 20 fiasci = 12.0444 gallons = 133+1⁄3 libbre (weight)23
1 barile† = 20 fiasci = 12.0444 gallons = 120 libbre (weight)23
1 barile‡ = 16 fiasci = 120 libbre (weight)23
1 soma‡ = 2 barile 23

Florence

1 boccale = 1.14 L 52
1 barile# = 20 fiaschi = 45.6 litres 9
1 barile‡ = 16 fiaschi = 33.43 litres 9

Notes

Notes

  1. Washburn 1926, p. 8.
  2. Cardarelli 2003, p. 87.
  3. Borgato 2006.
  4. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 2: Atomo, p. 102.
  5. Clarke 1891, p. 80.
  6. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 6: Fuß, p. 1018.
  7. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 5: Dito, p. 47.
  8. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 3: Braccio, p. 357.
  9. Cardarelli 2003, p. 88.
  10. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 12: Miglio, p. 80.
  11. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 4: Decimo, p. 655.
  12. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 11: Maße, p. 1024c.
  13. Clarke 1891, p. 52.
  14. Clarke 1891, p. 53.
  15. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 4: Decima, p. 655.
  16. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 3: Canna, p. 836.
  17. Clarke 1891, p. 69.
  18. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 4: Corda, p. 324.
  19. Clarke 1891, p. 63.
  20. Clarke 1891, p. 58.
  21. Clarke 1891, p. 67.
  22. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 4: Denaro, p. 730.
  23. Clarke 1891, p. 76.
  24. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 7: Grano, p. 865.
  25. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 14: Quarto, p. 371.
  26. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 14: Quintale, p. 398.
  27. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 3: Cantaro, p. 842.
  28. Clarke 1891, p. 81.
  29. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 11: Marco, p. 908.
  30. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 11: Libbra, p. 311.
  31. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 14: Rubbio, p. 974.
  32. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 13: Peso, p. 720.
  33. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 3: Centinajo, p. 954.
  34. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 14: Rotolo, p. 954.
  35. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 13: Onza, p. 190.
  36. Clarke 1891, p. 64.
  37. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 4: Decina, p. 655.
  38. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 6: Ferlino, p. 305.
  39. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 12: Mina, p. 338.
  40. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 4: Coppo, p. 321.
  41. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 12: Morgen, p. 529.
  42. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 12: Morgen, p. 530.
  43. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 7: Giornata, p. 584.
  44. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 16: Soma, p. 84.
  45. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 12: Mezzetta, p. 257.
  46. Clarke 1891, p. 54.
  47. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 5: Emine, p. 740.
  48. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 15: Sacco, p. 46.
  49. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 7: Gombetta, p. 750.
  50. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 2: Barile, p. 473.
  51. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 12: Mezzo, p. 257.
  52. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 3: Boccale, p. 152.
  53. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 3: Brenta, p. 460.
  54. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 13: Pinta, p. 942.
  55. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 6: Fiasco, p. 404.
  56. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon vol 6: Foglietta, p. 607.
References

References

  • Borgato, Maria Teresa (6–9 September 2006). "The first applications of the metric system in Italy" (PDF). The Global and the Local:The History of Science and the Cultural Integration of Europe. Proceedings of the 2nd ICESHS. Cracow, Poland: The Press of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
  • Cardarelli, F. (2003). Encyclopaedia of Scientific Units, Weights and Measures. Their SI Equivalences and Origins. London: Springer. ISBN 978-1-4471-1122-1. Cardarelli.
  • Clarke, F. W. (1891). Weights Measures and Money of All Nations. New York: D. Appleton & Company.
  • "Atomo". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 2 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 102.
  • "Barile" [Barrel]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 2 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 473.
  • "Boccale". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 3 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 152.
  • "Braccio" [Ell]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 3 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 357.
  • "Brenta". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 3 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 460.
  • "Canna". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 3 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 836.
  • "Cantaro" [Hundredweight]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 3 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 842.
  • "Centesimo". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 3 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 954.
  • "Centinajo". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 3 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 954.
  • "Coppo" [Cup]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 4 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 321.
  • "Corda". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 4 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 324.
  • "Decima". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 4 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 655.
  • "Decimo". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 4 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 655.
  • "Decina". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 4 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 655.
  • "Denaro". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 4 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 730.
  • "Dito". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 5 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 47.
  • "Emine". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 5 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 740.
  • "Ferlino". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 6 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 305.
  • "Fiasco". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 6 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 404.
  • "Foglietta". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 6 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 607.
  • "Fuß" [Foot]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 6 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 1018.
  • "Giornata" [Acre]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 7 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 584.
  • "Gombetta". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 7 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 750.
  • "Grano" [Grain]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 7 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 865.
  • "Libbra" [Pound]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 11 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 311.
  • "Marco". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 11 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 908.
  • "Maße" [Units of measurement]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 11 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 1024c.
  • "Meta". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 12 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 190.
  • "Mezzetta". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 12 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 257.
  • "Mezzo". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 12 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 257.
  • "Miglio" [Mile]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 12 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 80.
  • "Mina". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 12 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 338.
  • "Morgen" [Acre]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 12 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897.
  • "Onza". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 13 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 190.
  • "Palmo" [Handsbreath]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 13 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 448.
  • "Peso". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 13 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 720.
  • "Pinta" [Pint]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 13 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 942.
  • "Quarto". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 14 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 371.
  • "Quintale" [Quintal]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 14 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 398.
  • "Rotolo". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 14 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 954.
  • "Rubbio". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 14 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 974.
  • "Sacco" [Sack]. Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 15 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 46.
  • "Soldo". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 16 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 73.
  • "Soma". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 16 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 84.
  • "Talandon". Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 16 (5th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. 1897. p. 660.
  • Washburn, E. W. (1926). International Critical Tables of Numerical Data, Physics, Chemistry and Technology. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. p. 8. international critical tables 1926.