IRX2

IRX2
Identifiers
Aliases	IRX2, IRXA2, iroquois homeobox 2
External IDs	OMIM: 606198; MGI: 1197526; HomoloGene: 56490; GeneCards: IRX2; OMA:IRX2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (human)
End	2,751,677 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 13 (mouse)
End	72,782,317 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	skin of arm; ; lower lobe of lung; ; lactiferous duct; ; parotid gland; ; skin of thigh; ; pons; ; renal medulla; ; bronchial epithelial cell; ; nipple; ; buccal mucosa cell;
	Top expressed in
	pretectal area; ; otic placode; ; lip; ; otic vesicle; ; saccule; ; lacrimal gland; ; epidermis; ; zone of skin; ; skin of abdomen; ; skin of back;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; sequence-specific DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific;
Cellular component	nucleus;
Biological process	specification of loop of Henle identity; metanephros development; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; proximal/distal pattern formation involved in metanephric nephron development; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	153572
	16372
	ENSG00000170561
	ENSMUSG00000001504
	Q9BZI1
	P81066
	NM_001134222; NM_033267
	NM_010574
	NP_001127694; NP_150366
	NP_034704
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Iroquois-class homeodomain protein IRX-2, also known as Iroquois homeobox protein 2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRX2 gene.⁵⁶

Function

IRX2 is a member of the Iroquois homeobox gene family. Members of this family appear to play multiple roles during pattern formation of vertebrate embryos.⁵

Cancer

IRX2 gene has been observed progressively downregulated in Human papillomavirus-positive neoplastic keratinocytes derived from uterine cervical preneoplastic lesions at different levels of malignancy.⁷ For this reason, IRX2 is likely to be associated with tumorigenesis and may be a potential prognostic marker for uterine cervical preneoplastic lesions progression.⁷

References

GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000170561 – Ensembl, May 2017
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000001504 – Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Entrez Gene: iroquois homeobox 2".
Ogura K, Matsumoto K, Kuroiwa A, Isobe T, Otoguro T, Jurecic V, Baldini A, Matsuda Y, Ogura T (2001). "Cloning and chromosome mapping of human and chicken Iroquois (IRX) genes". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 92 (3–4): 320–5. doi:10.1159/000056921. PMID 11435706. S2CID 46509502.
Rotondo JC, Bosi S, Bassi C, Ferracin M, Lanza G, Gafà R, Magri E, Selvatici R, Torresani S, Marci R, Garutti P, Negrini M, Tognon M, Martini F (April 2015). "Gene expression changes in progression of cervical neoplasia revealed by microarray analysis of cervical neoplastic keratinocytes". J Cell Physiol. 230 (4): 802–812. doi:10.1002/jcp.24808. hdl:11392/2066612. PMID 25205602. S2CID 24986454.

Further reading

Lam CY, Tam PO, Fan DS, et al. (2008). "A genome-wide scan maps a novel high myopia locus to 5p15". Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 49 (9): 3768–78. doi:10.1167/iovs.07-1126. PMID 18421076.
Cirulli ET, Kasperavičiūtė D, Attix DK, et al. (2010). "Common genetic variation and performance on standardized cognitive tests". European Journal of Human Genetics. 18 (7): 815–20. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2010.2. PMC 2987367. PMID 20125193.
Adamowicz M, Radlwimmer B, Rieker RJ, et al. (2006). "Frequent amplifications and abundant expression of TRIO, NKD2, and IRX2 in soft tissue sarcomas". Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 45 (9): 829–38. doi:10.1002/gcc.20343. PMID 16752383. S2CID 24491021.
Matsumoto K, Nishihara S, Kamimura M, et al. (2004). "The prepattern transcription factor Irx2, a target of the FGF8/MAP kinase cascade, is involved in cerebellum formation". Nat. Neurosci. 7 (6): 605–12. doi:10.1038/nn1249. PMID 15133517. S2CID 23807922.
Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1996). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
Lewis MT, Ross S, Strickland PA, et al. (1999). "Regulated expression patterns of IRX-2, an Iroquois-class homeobox gene, in the human breast". Cell Tissue Res. 296 (3): 549–54. doi:10.1007/s004410051316. PMID 10370142. S2CID 37046813.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000170561 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000001504 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: iroquois homeobox 2".

[pmid11435706-6] Ogura K, Matsumoto K, Kuroiwa A, Isobe T, Otoguro T, Jurecic V, Baldini A, Matsuda Y, Ogura T (2001). "Cloning and chromosome mapping of human and chicken Iroquois (IRX) genes". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 92 (3–4): 320–5. doi:10.1159/000056921. PMID 11435706. S2CID 46509502.

[Rotondo_2015-7] Rotondo JC, Bosi S, Bassi C, Ferracin M, Lanza G, Gafà R, Magri E, Selvatici R, Torresani S, Marci R, Garutti P, Negrini M, Tognon M, Martini F (April 2015). "Gene expression changes in progression of cervical neoplasia revealed by microarray analysis of cervical neoplastic keratinocytes". J Cell Physiol. 230 (4): 802–812. doi:10.1002/jcp.24808. hdl:11392/2066612. PMID 25205602. S2CID 24986454.

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