| Hemiphractus bubalus | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Hemiphractidae |
| Genus: | Hemiphractus |
| Species: | H. bubalus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Hemiphractus bubalus (Jiménez de la Espada, 1870)
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Cerathyla bubalus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 | |
Hemiphractus bubalus, or the Ecuador horned tree frog, is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is found in the upper Amazon Basin and lower Amazonian slopes of the Andes in northern Peru, Ecuador, and southern Colombia (Cordillera Oriental in Caquetá and Putumayo Departments).234
Habitat
Its natural habitat is dense cloud forest. It is typically found perching on branches of bushes and small trees. It is assumed to be a predator of other frog species. It is only present in places with high densities of other frogs. Scientists have seen the frog between 300 and 2,000 m (980 and 6,560 ft) above sea level.41
Scientists have seen the frog in protected places, for example, Parque Nacional Cayambe-Coca and Parque Nacional Sumaco Napo-Galeras.1
Description
The adult male frog averages 43.8 mm in snout-vent length and the adult female frog about 57.9 mm long.4
Reproduction
The female frog carries her eggs on her back. This frog breeds through direct development. Its eggs hatch into small froglets, not swimming tadpoles.41
Threats
The IUCN classifies these frogs as vulnerable to extinction. This frog requires pristine forests, and it is at risk from habitat loss. Humans cut down forest for logging and to build infrastructure, living space, and both crop and livestock farms. In some parts of its range, this frog is also in danger from mining.1
References
References
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2022). "Hemiphractus bubalus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022 e.T55366A85898639. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
- Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Hemiphractus bubalus (Jiménez de la Espada, 1870)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
- Acosta-Galvis, A.R. (2015). "Hemiphractus bubalus (Jiménez de la Espada, 1871)". Lista de los Anfibios de Colombia V.05.2015. www.batrachia.com. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
- Luis A. Coloma; Caty Frenkel; Cristina Félix-Novoa (October 23, 2023). Santiago R. Ron (ed.). "Hemiphractus fasciatus (Jiménez de la Espada, 1870)". AmphibiaWeb (in Spanish). University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved July 8, 2026.