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Frostius

Frostius – known as Frost's toads – is a small genus of true toads consisting of only two species endemic to Brazil. The genus was proposed by David C. Cannatella in 1986 based on an analysis of a species previously classified as Atelopus. Various morphological and life-history information first suggested that it is sister taxon to Atelopus or Atelopus + Osornophryne, but later molecular evidence suggests that it is sister taxon to Oreophrynella. It was named for Darrel Frost in recognition of his work on anuran systematics.

Last revised
Jun 14, 2026
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≈ 1 min
Length
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Citations
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Frostius
Frostius pernambucensis males
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Bufonidae
Genus: Frostius
Cannatella, 19861
Type species
Atelopus pernambucensis
Bokermann, 1962
Species

2 species (see text)

Frostius – known as Frost's toads – is a small genus of true toads consisting of only two species endemic to Brazil. The genus was proposed by David C. Cannatella in 1986 based on an analysis of a species previously classified as Atelopus. Various morphological and life-history information first suggested that it is sister taxon to Atelopus or Atelopus + Osornophryne, but later molecular evidence suggests that it is sister taxon to Oreophrynella.2 It was named for Darrel Frost in recognition of his work on anuran systematics.1

Species

There are only two species in this genus:23

Binomial name and author Common name
Frostius erythrophthalmus Pimenta & Caramaschi, 2007
Frostius pernambucensis (Bokermann, 1962) Frost's toad
References

References

  1. Cannatella, D. C. (1986). "A new genus of bufonid (Anura) from South America, and phylogenetic relationships of the neotropical genera". Herpetologica. 42 (2): 197–205. JSTOR 3892388.
  2. Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Frostius Cannatella, 1986". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  3. "Bufonidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.