Article · Wikipedia archive · Last revised Jun 25, 2026

Dystenoid

A dystenoid nervous system is an arrangement of ganglia in the anterior region of some molluscs where the cerebral and pleural ganglia are situated closer to each other than they are in those molluscs with the more archaic hypoathroid nervous system, but still further apart than those animals with an evolutionarily more recent epiathroid nervous system.

Last revised
Jun 25, 2026
Read time
≈ 1 min
Length
129 w
Citations
2
Source
Wikipedia ↗

A dystenoid nervous system is an arrangement of ganglia in the anterior region of some molluscs where the cerebral and pleural ganglia are situated closer to each other than they are in those molluscs with the more archaic hypoathroid nervous system, but still further apart than those animals with an evolutionarily more recent epiathroid nervous system.1

Examples of animals having dystenoid systems include Macleaniella moskalevi, Teuthirustria cancellata, and Fedikofella caymanensis (weakly dystenoid in all three). These are deep sea limpets belonging to the superfamily Cocculinoidea.2

References

References

  1. Edwin Ray Lankester (1906). A treatise on zoology. A. and C. Black. p. 112. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  2. Strong, Ellen; Harasewych, M.G.; Haszprunar, Gerhard (2003). "Plylogeny of the Cocculinoidea (Mollusca, Gastropoda)". Invertebrate Biology. 122 (2). American Microscopical Society: 114–125. Bibcode:2003InvBi.122..114S. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.495.4290. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7410.2003.tb00077.x.