A crowbara is a lever consisting of a metal bar with a single curved end and flattened points, used to force two objects apart or gain mechanical advantage in lifting;2 often the curved end has a notch for removing nails.
The design can be used as any of the three lever classes. The curved end is usually used as a first-class lever, and the flat end as a second-class lever.
Designs made from thick flat steel bar are often referred to as utility bars.
Materials and construction
A common hand tool, the crowbar is typically made of medium-carbon steel, possibly hardened on its ends.3
Commonly crowbars are forged from long steel stock, either hexagonal or sometimes cylindrical. Alternative designs may be forged with a rounded I-shaped cross-section shaft. Versions using relatively wide flat steel bar are often referred to as "utility" or "flat bars".
Etymology and usage
The accepted etymology45 identifies the first component of the word crowbar with the bird-name "crow", perhaps due to the crowbar's resemblance to the feet or beak of a crow. The first use of the term is dated back to c. 1400.6 It was also called simply a crow, or iron crow; William Shakespeare used the latter,7 as in Romeo and Juliet, Act 5, Scene 2: "Get me an iron crow and bring it straight unto my cell."
In Daniel Defoe's 1719 novel Robinson Crusoe, the protagonist lacks a pickaxe so uses a crowbar instead: "As for the pickaxe, I made use of the iron crows, which were proper enough, though heavy."8
Types
Types of crowbar include:3
- Alignment pry bar, also referred to as Sleeve bar
- Cat’s claw pry bar, more simply known as a cat's paw
- Digging pry bar
- Flat pry bar
- Gooseneck pry bar
- Heavy-duty pry bar
- Molding pry bar
- Rolling head pry bar
Notes
Notes
- Also called a wrecking bar, pry bar or prybar, pinch-bar, or occasionally a prise bar or prisebar, colloquially gooseneck, or pig bar, or in Australia a jemmy.1
References
References
- Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. 1989. pp. jimmy 1, n. 6. ISBN 978-0-19-861186-8.
- Hallman, Richard (1988). Handtools for Trail Work (2005 ed.). United States Forest Service. p. 33.
- "What is a Pry Bar and What Are They Used For?". Archived from the original on 2021-09-21. Retrieved 2020-12-14.
- OED: crow-bar Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine; crow Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, sense 5a
- AHD: crow Archived 2008-03-12 at the Wayback Machine
- Snopes: crowbar Archived 2020-01-07 at the Wayback Machine
- "No Fear Shakespeare: Romeo and Juliet: Act 5 Scene 2". www.sparknotes.com. Archived from the original on 2022-02-07. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
- Defoe, Daniel (1983) [1719]. Crowley, J. Donald (ed.). Robinson Crusoe (The World's Classics ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-281555-5.